Pathology and failure in the design and implementation of adaptive management
Pathology and failure in the design and implementation of adaptive management
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.063
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Gunderson, Lance H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen, Craig R.;Gunderson, Lance H.
适应性管理的概念基础很简单；复杂生态系统的动态和行为总是存在固有的不确定性和不可预测性，其结果是各组成部分之间的非线性相互作用和涌现，但仍然必须做出管理决策。适应性管理的优势在于对这种不确定性的认识和对抗。适应性管理不是忽视不确定性，也不是用它来阻止管理行动，而是可以培养韧性和灵活性，以应对不确定的未来，并制定安全到失败的管理方法，承认不可避免的变化和意外。自最初引入以来，适应性管理一直被誉为解决复杂自然资源管理挑战的无休止的试验和错误方法。然而，它的实施经常失败。它不会产生简单的答案，而且只适用于自然资源管理问题的一个子集。显然，如果应用得当，适应性管理具有巨大的潜力。同样明显的是，适应性管理似乎未能达到其很高的期望。为什么？我们概述了在适应性管理项目中可能导致失败的九种病理和挑战。我们专注于适应性管理中失败的一般来源，以便其他人可以在未来避免这些陷阱。当适应性管理被正确地应用于适当的管理问题时，它可能是一个强大而有益的工具；挑战是防止适应性管理的概念被不适当地使用而被劫持。爱思唯尔有限公司出版。
The conceptual underpinnings for adaptive management are simple; there will always be inherent uncertainty and unpredictability in the dynamics and behavior of complex ecological systems as a result non-linear interactions among components and emergence, yet management decisions must still be made. The strength of adaptive management is in the recognition and confrontation of such uncertainty. Rather than ignore uncertainty, or use it to preclude management actions, adaptive management can foster resilience and flexibility to cope with an uncertain future, and develop safe to fail management approaches that acknowledge inevitable changes and surprises. Since its initial introduction, adaptive management has been hailed as a solution to endless trial and error approaches to complex natural resource management challenges. However, its implementation has failed more often than not. It does not produce easy answers, and it is appropriate in only a subset of natural resource management problems. Clearly adaptive management has great potential when applied appropriately. Just as clearly adaptive management has seemingly failed to live up to its high expectations. Why? We outline nine pathologies and challenges that can lead to failure in adaptive management programs. We focus on general sources of failures in adaptive management, so that others can avoid these pitfalls in the future. Adaptive management can be a powerful and beneficial tool when applied correctly to appropriate management problems; the challenge is to keep the concept of adaptive management from being hijacked for inappropriate use. Published by Elsevier Ltd.