Cofactor regeneration for enzyme-catalysed synthesis.
Cofactor regeneration for enzyme-catalysed synthesis.
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DOI:
10.1080/02648725.1988.10647849
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发表时间:
1988
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
H. Chenault;E. S. Simon;G. Whitesides
中科院分区:
文献类型:
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作者:
H. Chenault;E. S. Simon;G. Whitesides
Cofactors are low-molecular-weight non-protein species that are essential participants in enzyme-catalysed reactions. Certain cofactors (eg pyridoxal phosphate and thiamine pyrophosphate) are essentially self-regenerating (Baricos, Chambers and Cohen, 1976). Others act as functional group transfer agents and are essentially cosubstrates: they donate or accept a functional group (eg hydride or phosphate) to or from the other substrate of the enzymatic reaction. These cofactors (eg nicotinamide cofactors or nucleoside triphosphates) emerge from the enzymatic reaction in an altered form. In enzyme-catalysed synthesis, they therefore must either be used in stoichiomet-Abbreviations: L-AcCarn, O-acetyl-L-carnitine; AcCoA, acetyl coenzyme A; AcOP, acetyl phosphate: ACS, acetyl coenzyme A synthetase: ADH, alcohol dehydrogenase; ADP, adenosine 5’-diphosphate; AK. acetate kinase; APS, adenosine 5’-phosphosulphate; ATP, adenosine 5’-triphosphate: CAT, carnitine acetyltransferase; CD?. cytidine 5’-diphosphate; CM?, cytidine 5’-monophosphate; CoA, coenzyme A; CP, carbamyl phosphate; CT?, cytidine 5’-triphosphate; L-Cys, L. cysteine; FDH, formate dehydrogenase; FMN, flavin mononucleotide; G6P, glucose-6-phosphate; G6PDH, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; GDH, glucose dehydrogenase; GluDH, glutamate dehydrogenase; HLADH, horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase; aKG, a-ketoglutarate; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; MCP, methoxycarbonyl phosphate; N. nucleoside; NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NADH, 1, 4-dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NADP, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; NADPH. 1, 4-dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; NeuAc, N-acetylneuraminic acid; ND?, nucleoside diphosphate; NMP, nucleoside monophosphate; NTP, nucleoside triphosphate; Pi, inorganic phosphate; PAN, polyacrylamide N-acryloxysuccinimide; PAP, 3’-phosphoadenosine 5’-phosphate; PAPS, 3’-phosphoadenosine 5’-phosphosulphate: PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate; PK, pyruvate kinase; PMS, phenazine methosulphate; PP, inorganic pyrophosphate; vrA, phosphotransacetylase; SAH, S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine; SAM, S-adenosyl-L-methionine; SMIV1, S-methyl-L-methionine; TN, turnover number; TTN, total turnover number; UDP, uridine 5’-diphosphate; UTP. uridine 5’-triphosphate; YADH, yeast alcohol dehydrogenase.