Psychological well-being and risk perceptions of mothers in Kyiv, Ukraine, 19 years after the Chornobyl disaster
Psychological well-being and risk perceptions of mothers in Kyiv, Ukraine, 19 years after the Chornobyl disaster
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DOI：
10.1177/0020764011415204
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Bromet, Evelyn J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adams, Richard E.;Guey, Lin T.;Bromet, Evelyn J.
背景：1986年4月的切尔诺贝利核电站爆炸是20世纪最严重的生态灾难之一。与大多数灾难一样，它对心理健康的长期影响尚未得到检验。目的：本研究描述暴露妇女19-20年后的心理健康状况和风险认知，以及与心理健康相关的危险因素。方法：我们评估了乌克兰基辅三组妇女（N = 797）的切尔诺贝利相关创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、重度抑郁发作（MDE）和总体痛苦：1986年从核电站附近污染区疏散到基辅的幼儿母亲（撤离者）；孩子同学的母亲（邻里对照）；以及基辅基于人群的控制。还获得了风险认知和流行病学相关性。结果：与控制组相比，撤离者报告了较差的幸福感和更多的负面风险感知。在调整流行病学风险因素后，心理幸福感的组间差异仍然存在，但在模型中加入切尔诺贝利风险感知后，心理幸福感的组间差异变得不显著。结论：撤离人员相对较差的心理健康状况在很大程度上可以解释为他们对事故造成的身体健康风险的持续担忧。我们认为，这是由于与暴露有关的健康担忧的长期、不可解决的性质。
Background: The Chornobyl nuclear power plant explosion in April 1986 was one of the worst ecological disasters of the 20th century. As with most disasters, its long-term mental health consequences have not been examined.Aims: This study describes the psychological well-being and risk perceptions of exposed women 19-20 years later and the risk factors associated with mental health.Methods: We assessed Chornobyl-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive episode (MDE) and overall distress among three groups of women in Kyiv, Ukraine (N = 797): mothers of small children evacuated to Kyiv in 1986 from the contaminated area near the plant (evacuees); mothers of their children's classmates (neighbourhood controls); and population-based controls from Kyiv. Risk perceptions and epidemiologic correlates were also obtained.Results: Evacuees reported poorer well-being and more negative risk perceptions than controls. Group differences in psychological well-being remained after adjustment for epidemiologic risk factors but became non-significant when Chornobyl risk perceptions were added to the models.Conclusions: The relatively poorer psychological well-being among evacuees is largely explained by their continued concerns about the physical health risks stemming from the accident. We suggest that this is due to the long-term, non-resolvable nature of health fears associated with exposure.