Nitrogen Recoveries and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Organic Fertilizers with Different C/N Ratios in Maize Cultivation with Low-Fertile Soil by 15N Method
Nitrogen Recoveries and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Organic Fertilizers with Different C/N Ratios in Maize Cultivation with Low-Fertile Soil by 15N Method
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DOI：
10.3390/agriculture10070272
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发表时间：
2020-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Rosalina Armando Tamele;Hideto Ueno;Yo Toma;Nobuki Morita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rosalina Armando Tamele;Hideto Ueno;Yo Toma;Nobuki Morita
无机肥料成本的上升，加上它们对土壤条件的不利影响，导致人们对有机改良剂的兴趣日益增加。本研究旨在探讨不同碳氮比有机改进剂（OAs）对玉米氮素利用效率（NUE）和氮素回收率、玉米生长和产量以及土壤性质的影响。在低肥力砂壤土上进行了精确盆栽试验，并采用15N示踪剂，采用A值法分析了氮素动态。各处理组株高的递减顺序为：无机肥(IF) =油菜籽渣(RW) >鸡粪(CnM) >竹叶(BTL) >牛粪(CwM) >竹堆肥（BC）。此外，在产量相同的情况下，施RW的玉米只吸收了IF中一半的氮，这表明RW的生理氮效率（PUE）是IF的两倍。RW和CnM被认为是替代无机肥料的有价值的肥料。通过培养试验和盆栽试验，得到了OA对玉米氮矿化的线性关系，估计了OA对玉米的影响。玉米植株主要吸收来自肥料的氮；但氮素的两种来源（肥料和土壤）均以籽粒积累为主，其次是叶片、茎和根，因此需要开展提高土壤氮素利用效率的研究。
The rising cost of inorganic fertilizers, coupled with their adverse effects on soil conditions, has resulted in increasing interest in organic amendments. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of organic amendments (OAs) with different C/N ratios on nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and recovery rate, as well as on the growth and yield of Zea mays and soil properties. A precise pot experiment was conducted on a low-fertile, sandy-loam soil, and the dynamics of nitrogen (N) were also analyzed by the A-value method, using 15N tracer. The plant height of the treatment groups decreased in the following order: inorganic fertilizer (IF) = rapeseed waste (RW) > chicken manure (CnM) > bamboo tealeaf (BTL) > cow manure (CwM) > bamboo compost (BC). Furthermore, the maize fertilized with RW only took up half of the N in IF, despite producing the same yield, which indicates that the physiological nitrogen efficiency (PUE) of RW was twice as high as that of IF. RW and CnM were regarded as valuable fertilizers that could be used to replace inorganic fertilizers. A linear relationship between the N mineralization of the OAs was obtained by an incubation test and the pot experiments, estimating the effect of OA application on the maize. Maize plants mainly absorbed N derived from fertilizers; however, for the both sources of N (fertilizer and soil), N was mainly accumulated in grains followed by the leaves, stem, and root, suggesting that studies should be conducted to improve soil N use efficiency.