INTERACTION BETWEEN CENTRAL PATTERN GENERATORS FOR BREATHING AND SWALLOWING IN THE CAT
INTERACTION BETWEEN CENTRAL PATTERN GENERATORS FOR BREATHING AND SWALLOWING IN THE CAT
复制标题
DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1993.sp019702
复制
发表时间：
1993-06-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
CHERNIACK, NS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DICK, TE;OKU, Y;CHERNIACK, NS
1.我们研究了中央模式发生器之间的相互作用，呼吸和吞咽去脑，迷走神经，麻痹和通风的猫（n = 10），通过记录活动，从以下神经：舌下神经，膈，甲杓和胸骨三角肌。虚构呼吸是二氧化碳高于呼吸暂停阈值（潮气末P（CO2），32 +/- 4 mmHg）的自发性呼吸，虚构吞咽是通过连续刺激左侧上级喉神经（SLN）的内部分支（0.2 ms脉冲持续时间，10 Hz）诱导的。在所有10只动物中，SLN刺激诱发了甲杓状神经和舌下神经活动的短暂爆发，表明虚构的吞咽。在10只动物中，有2只在吞咽期间呼吸完全抑制。在其他8只动物中，虚构的呼吸和吞咽发生不当。当SLN刺激低于吞咽阈值时，呼吸节律降低，吸气持续时间不变，但呼气持续时间增加，尤其是第II阶段。综合神经电活动显示，膈神经电活动的上升率和峰值下降，甲杓神经尤其是舌下神经的I期呼气活动增加，而胸三角肌神经的II期呼气活动完全被抑制。然而，如果吸入的二氧化碳增加，即高碳酸血症通气，则在连续SLN刺激期间，II期呼气活动部分保持。虚构吞咽爆发只发生在呼吸相变。在诱发重复吞咽爆发的最小刺激强度下，呼吸和吞咽中枢模式发生器之间的相互作用模式对于每只动物（n = 7）是一致的，但在动物之间是不同的。在四只动物中，虚构吞咽发生在第二阶段呼气和吸气之间的相变，在一只动物中在吸气和第一阶段呼气之间的相变;在另外两只动物中，在第一阶段和第二阶段呼气之间的相变。
1. We examined the interaction between central pattern generators for respiration and deglutition in decerebrate, vagotomized, paralysed and ventilated cats (n = 10), by recording activity from the following nerves: hypoglossal, phrenic, thyroarytenoid and triangularis sterni. Fictive breathing was spontaneous with carbon dioxide above the apnoeic threshold (end-tidal P(CO2), 32 +/- 4 mmHg) and fictive swallowing was induced by stimulating the internal branch of the left superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) continuously (0.2 ms pulse duration, 10 Hz).2. In all ten animals, SLN stimulation evoked short bursts of thyroarytenoid and hypoglossal nerve activity indicative of fictive swallowing. In two of ten animals, respiration was inhibited completely during deglutition. In the other eight animals, fictive breathing and swallowing occurred simultaneously.3. With SLN stimulation below threshold for eliciting swallowing, the respiratory rhythm decreased, the duration of inspiration did not change but the duration of expiration, especially stage II, increased. Integrated nerve activities indicated that the rate of rise and peak of phrenic nerve activity decreased, stage I expiratory activity of the thyroarytenoid and especially that of the hypoglossal nerve increased and stage II expiratory activity of the triangularis sterni nerve was suppressed completely. However, if inspired carbon dioxide was increased, i.e. hypercapnic ventilation, stage II expiratory activity remained partially during continuous SLN stimulation.4. Fictive-swallowing bursts occurred only at respiratory phase transitions. At the minimal stimulus intensity that evoked repetitive swallowing bursts, the pattern of interaction between breathing and swallowing central pattern generators was consistent for each animal (n = 7) but was different across animals. In four animals, fictive swallows occurred at the phase transition between stage II expiration and inspiration, at the transition between inspiration and stage I expiration in one animal; and in two other animals, at the transition between stage I and II of expiration.