The social and political lives of zoonotic disease models: Narratives, science and policy
The social and political lives of zoonotic disease models: Narratives, science and policy
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.03.017
复制
发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Scoones, Ian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leach, Melissa;Scoones, Ian
人畜共患疾病目前既构成重大的健康威胁，也构成复杂的科学和政策挑战，因此越来越需要建立模型来应对这些挑战。在本文中，我们认为，通过结合多种模型和建模方法来阐明工作中的各种流行病学、生态和社会过程，可以最好地应对这些挑战。这些模型不应该被理解为以线性方式为政策提供信息的中立科学，而应该被理解为具有社会和政治生命：社会、文化和政治规范和价值观塑造了它们的发展，并承载和投射了这些规范和价值观。我们在H5N1禽流感和埃博拉病例中发展并说明了这一论点，探索了每种建模方法的范围，以及它们与特定政策政治共同构建的方式。要解决人畜共患疾病复杂而不确定的动态问题，就需要明确这种社会和政治生活，采取旨在三角化而非一体化的方法，采取多种有条件的而非单一形式的政策咨询。(C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Zoonotic diseases currently pose both major health threats and complex scientific and policy challenges, to which modelling is increasingly called to respond. In this article we argue that the challenges are best met by combining multiple models and modelling approaches that elucidate the various epidemiological, ecological and social processes at work. These models should not be understood as neutral science informing policy in a linear manner, but as having social and political lives: social, cultural and political norms and values that shape their development and which they carry and project. We develop and illustrate this argument in relation to the cases of H5N1 avian influenza and Ebola, exploring for each the range of modelling approaches deployed and the ways they have been co-constructed with a particular politics of policy. Addressing the complex, uncertain dynamics of zoonotic disease requires such social and political lives to be made explicit in approaches that aim at triangulation rather than integration, and plural and conditional rather than singular forms of policy advice. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.