Active Biochemical Regulation of Cell Volume and a Simple Model of Cell Tension Response.
Active Biochemical Regulation of Cell Volume and a Simple Model of Cell Tension Response.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpj.2015.08.025
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发表时间：
2015-10
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Jiaxiang Tao;Sean X. Sun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jiaxiang Tao;Sean X. Sun
真核细胞产生的主动收缩力在胚胎发育、组织形成和细胞运动中起着重要作用。在分子水平上，信号通路中的小GTP酶可以调节主动细胞收缩。在这里，开始与机械力平衡在细胞皮层，和最近发现的张力敏感的膜通道可以催化Rho的非活性形式的转化为活性形式，我们数学表明，这种积极的调节细胞收缩力与渗透调节可以鲁棒地控制细胞大小和膜张力对外部机械或渗透冲击。我们发现，主动收缩的幅度取决于机械牵拉的速率，但细胞张力可以恢复。该模型还预测，细胞对较硬的外部环境施加更强的收缩力，因此表现出机械感觉的特征。这些结果表明，一个简单的系统，维持细胞体积和膜张力的稳态值可以解释细胞张力反应和机械感觉在不同的环境。
Active contractile forces exerted by eukaryotic cells play significant roles during embryonic development, tissue formation, and cell motility. At the molecular level, small GTPases in signaling pathways can regulate active cell contraction. Here, starting with mechanical force balance at the cell cortex, and the recent discovery that tension-sensitive membrane channels can catalyze the conversion of the inactive form of Rho to the active form, we show mathematically that this active regulation of cellular contractility together with osmotic regulation can robustly control the cell size and membrane tension against external mechanical or osmotic shocks. We find that the magnitude of active contraction depends on the rate of mechanical pulling, but the cell tension can recover. The model also predicts that the cell exerts stronger contractile forces against a stiffer external environment, and therefore exhibits features of mechanosensation. These results suggest that a simple system for maintaining homeostatic values of cell volume and membrane tension could explain cell tension response and mechanosensation in different environments.