What makes counting count? Verbal and visuo-spatial contributions to typical and atypical number development
What makes counting count? Verbal and visuo-spatial contributions to typical and atypical number development
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DOI：
10.1016/s0022-0965(03)00026-2
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发表时间：
2003-05-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Karmiloff-Smith, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ansari, D;Donlan, C;Karmiloff-Smith, A
威廉姆斯综合症（WS）的特点是言语认知相对较强，但非言语认知严重受损。据传闻，这种疾病在数字认知方面存在严重缺陷。然而，其性质尚未得到系统研究。在这里，我们测试了 14 名 WS 儿童（平均年龄 = 7 岁 2 个月）、14 名在视觉空间能力上单独匹配的典型发育对照（平均年龄 = 3 岁 5 个月）以及一大群典型发育对照（平均年龄 = 3 岁 4 个月），以完成两项任务，以评估他们对计数决定组的确切数量（基数原则）的理解。 WS 儿童对基数原理的理解极其延迟，并且仅达到其视觉空间 MA 预测的水平。在这个临床组中，只有语言在基数理解中造成了显着的差异，而在正常对照组中，只有视觉空间能力可以预测差异。目前的研究结果表明，在典型发育儿童的基数理解的实际发展中，视觉空间能力比语言能力发挥更大的作用，而临床组的情况恰恰相反。 (C) 2003 年爱思唯尔科学（美国）。版权所有。
Williams Syndrome (WS) is marked by a relative strength in verbal cognition coupled with a serious impairment in non-verbal cognition. A strong deficit in numerical cognition has been anecdotally reported in this disorder; however, its nature has not been systematically investigated. Here, we tested 14 children with WS (mean age = 7 years 2 months), 14 typically developing controls individually matched on visuo-spatial ability (mean age = 3 years 5 months) as well as a larger group of typically developing controls (mean age = 3 years 4 months) on two tasks to assess their understanding that counting determines the exact quantity of sets (cardinality principle). The understanding of the cardinality principle in children with WS is extremely delayed and only at the level predicted by their visuo-spatial MA. In this clinical group, only language accounted for a significant amount of the variance in cardinality understanding, whereas in the normal comparison group only visuo-spatial competence predicted the variance. The present findings suggest that visuo-spatial ability plays a greater role than language ability in the actual development of cardinality understanding in typically developing children, whereas the opposite obtains for the clinical group. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.