Phase-locked coordination between two rhythmically active feeding structures in the mollusk Clione limacina.: I.: Motor neurons
Phase-locked coordination between two rhythmically active feeding structures in the mollusk Clione limacina.: I.: Motor neurons
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.2002.87.6.2996
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发表时间：
2002-06-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Norekian, TP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Malyshev, AY;Norekian, TP
在脊椎动物和无脊椎动物中，不同运动中心之间的协调对于所有复杂行为的有序产生至关重要。目前的研究表明，有节奏的活动的两个摄食结构的翼足类软体动物Clione limacina，齿舌和钩，这是用来提取猎物从它的壳，是高度协调的相位依赖的方式。钩前伸与舌苔后缩一致，钩后缩与舌苔前伸一致。因此，鱼钩和齿舌总是以相反的相位移动，轮流抓住猎物并将其从贝壳中拉出。确定颊神经节运动神经元控制齿舌和钩的伸出和缩回的节律性活动在相同的相位依赖性的方式。钩状牵开器运动神经元与齿舌牵开器运动神经元同时相激活，而钩状牵开器运动神经元与齿舌牵开器运动神经元同时相爆发。锁相协调的主要机制之一是钩状肌和齿舌牵开肌运动神经元之间的电耦合。此外，钩状肌和齿舌肌运动神经元之间存在相互抑制的突触联系。这些电性和抑制性突触连接确保控制运动神经元的节律性活动钩和齿舌以上述特定的相位依赖方式协调。一个单一的多功能中央模式发生器的可能存在的齿舌和钩电机中心进行了讨论。
Coordination between different motor centers is essential for the orderly production of all complex behaviors, in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The current study revealed that rhythmic activities of two feeding structures of the pteropod mollusk Clione limacina, radula and hooks, which are used to extract the prey from its shell, are highly coordinated in a phase-dependent manner. Hook protraction always coincided with radula retraction, while hook retraction coincided with radula protraction. Thus hooks and radula were always moving in the opposite phases, taking turns grabbing and pulling the prey tissue out of the shell. Identified buccal ganglia motor neurons controlling radula and hooks protraction and retraction were rhythmically active in the same phase-dependent manner. Hook protractor motor neurons were active in the same phase with radula retractor motor neurons, while hook retractor motor neurons burst in phase with radula protractor motor neurons. One of the main mechanisms underlying the phase-locked coordination was electrical coupling between hook protractor and radula retractor motor neurons. In addition, reciprocal inhibitory synaptic connections were found between hook protractor and radula protractor motor neurons. These electrical and inhibitory synaptic connections ensure that rhythmically active hooks and radula controlling motor neurons are coordinated in the specific phase-dependent manner described above. The possible existence of a single multifunctional central pattern generator for both radula and hook motor centers is discussed.