Interrelations Among Biologically Relevant Personality Traits, Emotion Regulation Strategies, and Clinical Symptoms.
Interrelations Among Biologically Relevant Personality Traits, Emotion Regulation Strategies, and Clinical Symptoms.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10862-018-9709-z
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发表时间：
2019-12
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Patrick CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Perkins ER;Sörman K;McDermott KA;Patrick CJ
抑制控制能力弱（去抑制）和威胁敏感性等与生物学相关的人格特质会使人容易出现各种临床问题。情绪调节方面的困难也已在与精神病理学的风险及维持相关的研究中得到了广泛探讨。然而，情绪调节策略如何与气质性脆弱因素相互作用从而影响临床症状，这一点仍不清楚。本研究对去抑制、威胁敏感性以及关键情绪调节策略（认知重评、表达抑制）的使用在与痛苦相关的症状（即抑郁、焦虑和边缘型人格特征）出现中的作用进行了初步考察。分析表明，特质性去抑制以及认知重评的使用减少与每种痛苦症状都相关，而去抑制的预测关系完全可以解释重评的预测关系。这一发现表明，自上而下的控制能力不足（即去抑制）是使用一种适应性但对认知要求较高的调节策略（即重评）失败的关键因素。相比之下，威胁敏感性与焦虑以及表达抑制的使用都相关，而后两个变量之间彼此无关。焦虑的个体可能会回避引发情绪的情境，从而无需使用表达抑制这种不良适应策略。尽管本研究存在一定局限性（横断面、自我报告设计；样本量适中），但它提供了与研究假设相符的证据，表明气质性特质在认知 - 行为过程与临床问题之间的关联中起着关键作用。
Biologically relevant personality traits of weak inhibitory control (disinhibition) and threat sensitivity confer vulnerability to various clinical problems. Difficulties with emotion regulation have also been studied extensively in relation to risk for and maintenance of psychopathology. However, it remains unclear how emotion regulation strategies interface with dispositional vulnerabilities in affecting clinical symptomatology. The current study provided an initial examination of the roles of disinhibition, threat sensitivity, and use of key emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression) in the occurrence of distress-related symptoms (i.e., depressivity, anxiousness, and borderline personality features). Analyses revealed that trait disinhibition and lowered use of cognitive reappraisal were related to each form of distress symptomatology, with the predictive relationship for disinhibition accounting entirely for that of reappraisal. This finding suggests that deficient top-down control capacity (i.e., disinhibition) is integral to failures in the use of an adaptive but cognitively demanding regulation strategy (i.e., reappraisal). By contrast, threat sensitivity was related both to anxiousness and use of expressive suppression, with the latter two variables unrelated to one another. Anxious individuals may avoid emotionally evocative situations, negating the downstream need to engage in the maladaptive strategy of expressive suppression. Despite certain study limitations (a cross-sectional, self-report design; modest sample size), the current study yielded evidence in line with study hypotheses, indicating a pivotal role for dispositional traits in associations between cognitive-behavioral processes and clinical problems.
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