Investigation of rheological behavior, filtration characteristics and microbial activity of biopolymer water-based drilling fluids containing monovalent and divalent cations
Investigation of rheological behavior, filtration characteristics and microbial activity of biopolymer water-based drilling fluids containing monovalent and divalent cations
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含一价和二价阳离子的生物聚合物水基钻井液的流变行为、过滤特性和微生物活性研究
DOI：
10.1007/s11696-023-02819-y
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Ghauri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. M. Lalji;Syed Imran Ali;Muhammad Arqam Khan;R. Ghauri
钻井作业的改进对于石油行业的发展至关重要。任何钻井限制的妥协最终都会导致一些严重的井眼不稳定问题。在这项研究中，研究了各种阳离子生物聚合物水基钻井液对流变性、过滤性、页岩稳定性和页岩微生物作用的影响。这些离子分为一价阳离子（K+和Na+）和二价阳离子（Mg2+）。根据流变结果，观察到三种流体均表现出假塑性特征。此外，K+钻井泥浆的屈服点、凝胶强度、表观粘度和 YP/PV 比远远优于任何其他盐样品。这些参数清楚地代表了钾离子样品的有效孔清洁行为。同样，这些样品的过滤测试表明，随着阳离子尺寸的减小，观察到滤液体积的增加。随着离子半径从 K+ 的 1.33 pm 减小到 Mg2+ 的 0.66，滤液体积的损失从 6.4 mL 增加到 11.2 mL。较大尺寸的钾离子堵塞了滤纸的孔径，并且观察到滤液损失显着减少。此外，阳离子溶液与从巴基斯坦北部地区获得的页岩样品相互作用，以研究页岩膨胀和微生物活性。结果揭示了三种阳离子与页岩形成之间的三种不同反应机制。 10 天后，K+ 溶液中出现了微生物活动，直到第 30 天，微生物活动迅速增强，从而完全损坏了页岩样品。在Na+样品中，水从溶液中蒸发，在页岩样品的表面留下盐晶体沉积物。当研究 Mg2+ 时，发现了令人惊讶的结果。盐溶液中的水很难蒸发，即使 30 天后，它仍然保留在页岩样品中。另一方面，K+离子泥浆作为页岩抑制剂最有效。在这种泥浆类型中发现页岩膨胀显着减少。这些结果对于钻井工程师来说具有重要意义，可以避免在巴基斯坦北部地区的钻井作业中出现任何不必要的问题。
Improvements in drilling operations are critical for the development of the petroleum sector. Compromising in any of the drilling constraints will ultimately give rise to some serious wellbore instability issues. In this study, the effect of various cationic biopolymer water-based drilling fluids on the rheology, filtration, shale stabilization and microbial action over shale was investigated. These ions are classified as monovalent cations (K+and Na+) and divalent cations (Mg2+). According to the rheological results, it was observed that all the three fluids showed pseudo plastic characteristics. Moreover, yield point, gel strength, apparent viscosity and YP/PV ratio for K+drilling mud were far superior than any other salt sample. These parameters clearly represent effective hole-cleaning behavior for potassium ion sample. Likewise, the filtration test for these samples shows that as the size of cations decreases an increase in filtrate volume was observed. As the ionic radius decreases from 1.33 pm for K+to 0.66 for Mg2+, loss of filtrate volume increases from 6.4 to 11.2 mL. The larger size potassium ion clogged the pore sizes in the filter paper and substantial reduction in filtrate loss was observed. Furthermore, the cationic solutions when interacted with shale samples obtained from the northern region of Pakistan to investigate the shale swelling and microbial activity. Results revealed three different mechanisms of reactions between the three cations and the shale formation. Microbial activity was witnessed in K+solution after 10 days, which intensified rapidly till Day 30th, thereby completely damaged the shale sample. In Na+sample, water evaporated from the solution, leaving behind the salt crystals deposits on the face of the shale sample. When Mg2+was investigated a surprising result was perceived. The water in the salt solution found it difficult to vaporize, and it remained in the shale sample even after 30 days. On the other hand, K+ion mud was most effective as shale inhibitor. Substantial reduction in shale swelling was perceived in this mud type. These results will be significant for a drilling engineer to avoid any unnecessary problem during drilling operations in the northern Pakistan region.