Satisfaction with local exercise facility: a rural-urban comparison in China.
Satisfaction with local exercise facility: a rural-urban comparison in China.
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DOI：
10.22605/rrh2990
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Jiakun Zheng;R. An
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jiakun Zheng;R. An
在过去的几十年里，中国的城乡不平等一直在扩大。与城市居民相比，农村居民在有效参与体育活动的平等机会方面可能遇到各种障碍。本研究探讨了城乡差异的身体活动，接近和满意度与当地的锻炼设施。方法2012年在中国10个省的29个县进行了面对面调查。5000份问卷由受过培训的工作人员管理，完成率为82.1%。完整的样本包括1661名农村居民和2446名城市居民。八个二分法的结果措施，有关闲暇时间的身体活动参与;接近最近的健身设施离家;满意度的数量，品种，收费水平，开放时间，日常管理和服务附近的健身设施;和当地公共体育服务体系的满意度。最近邻匹配是根据观察到的个人社会人口统计数据，包括性别、年龄、教育程度和居住省份，将农村居民与城市居民进行匹配。Pearson的χ2检验用于评估匹配前后农村和城市居民之间的社会人口统计学和结果测量的差异。结果最近邻匹配前，城乡居民年龄和文化程度的频数分布差异有统计学意义（均P<0.0001）。匹配后，农村和城市居民之间的频率分布的差异变得统计学上不显着的所有观察到的社会人口统计学：性别（p=0.170），年龄（p=0.934），教育水平（p=0.244）和居住省份（p=1.000）。与匹配的城市居民相比，农村居民在闲暇时间不参加体育活动的可能性高8.1%（p<0.0001），居住在距离最近的健身设施30分钟步行距离内的可能性低5.8%（p=0.005）。农村居民对附近健身设施的数量、种类、收费水平、开放时间、日常管理和服务不满意的比例分别比城市居民高15.7%、15.7%、8.6%、13.5%和14.7%，对当地公共体育服务体系不满意的比例分别比城市居民高16.1%（均P<0.0001）。结论城乡居民在闲暇体育活动、离最近的健身设施的距离、对健身设施和公共体育服务体系的满意度等方面存在显著差异。因此，有必要采取政策干预措施，提高农村地区健身设施的可及性和可负担性，以促进中国农村居民的体育活动，缩小差距。
INTRODUCTION Rural-urban inequalities in China have been widening over the past few decades. Compared to their urban counterparts, rural residents may encounter various barriers to equal opportunities to effectively engage in physical activity. This study examines the rural-urban disparity in physical activity, proximity and satisfaction with local exercise facilities. METHODS An in-person survey was conducted in 29 counties of 10 Chinese provinces in 2012. Five thousand questionnaires were administered by trained staff with a completion rate of 82.1%. The complete sample includes 1661 rural and 2446 urban residents. Eight dichotomous outcome measures were used, pertaining to leisure-time physical activity engagement; proximity to the nearest exercise facility from home; satisfaction level with the quantity, variety, fee levels, opening hours, and daily management and services of nearby exercise facilities; and satisfaction level with the local public sports service system. Nearest-neighbor matching was performed to match rural residents with urban residents by observed individual sociodemographics, including gender, age, education level and residential province. Pearson's χ2 test was used to assess the difference in sociodemographics and outcome measures between rural and urban residents before and after matching. RESULTS Before nearest-neighbor matching, the frequency distributions of age and education level are significantly different between rural and urban residents (both p<0.0001). After matching, the differences in the frequency distributions between rural and urban residents become statistically non-significant for all observed sociodemographics: gender (p=0.170), age (p=0.934), education level (p=0.244) and residential province (p=1.000). Compared to their matched urban counterparts, rural residents are 8.1% (p<0.0001) more likely to be physically inactive in their leisure time and 5.8% (p=0.005) less likely to live within 30-minute walking distance to the nearest exercise facility. Rural residents are 15.7%, 15.7%, 8.6%, 13.5% and 14.7% more likely to be unsatisfied with the quantity, variety, fee levels, opening hours, and daily management and services of nearby exercise facilities, and 16.1% more likely to be unsatisfied with the local public sports service system than matched urban residents (all p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Substantial rural-urban disparities tend to be present in leisure-time physical activity, proximity to the nearest exercise facility, and satisfaction level with exercise facilities and the public sports service system. Policy interventions are warranted to improve the accessibility and affordability of local exercise facilities in rural areas as a way to promote physical activity among Chinese rural residents and reduce disparities.