Effects of diet type and enzyme addition on growth performance and gut health of broiler chickens during subclinical Clostridium perfringens challenge
Effects of diet type and enzyme addition on growth performance and gut health of broiler chickens during subclinical Clostridium perfringens challenge
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DOI：
10.3382/ps.2008-00204
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Jones, O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jia, W.;Slominski, B. A.;Jones, O.
研究了日粮类型（玉米与小麦为主）和多碳水化合物酶添加对肉鸡经口攻毒期间生长性能、肠道pH和粘度、产气荚膜梭菌和乳酸菌的肠道种群以及肠道病变评分（0 - 4，其中0 =无肉眼病变，4 =严重广泛坏死）的影响。在39天的实验中研究产气荚膜杆菌（在第13天没有或108 cfu/鸟）。将总共1，216只雄性Ross-308鸡以随机完全区组设计分配至8个饮食处理，每个处理提供8个重复围栏。配制饲料以满足NRC蛋白质需求，但能量水平不理想。当与饲喂基于玉米的饮食的鸡相比时，饲喂基于小麦的饮食的鸡具有较差（P < 0.01）的最终BW（2.49对2.59 kg）和饲料转化率（FCR; 1.83对1.78）。病原菌攻毒显著（P < 0.05）影响仔猪的生长性能，提高仔猪的C.产气荚膜杆菌数量和平均病变评分。增加（P < 0.01）C.对于喂食小麦基饮食的受攻击的鸟，观察到产气荚膜杆菌计数（2.4对1.5log（10）cfu/g的产气荚膜杆菌）和肠损伤评分（0.9对0.4）。各处理间的乳酸菌数量和菌体pH值无显著差异。在玉米和小麦基础日粮中添加酶增加了鸡的最终体重（2.57对2.51 kg; P < 0.01），降低了总体FCR（1.78对1.83; P < 0.01），并且在那些食用小麦基础日粮的鸡中，降低了粘滞度（从4.1 mPa中心点s降至2.7 mPa中心点s; P < 0.01）。酶补充剂通过改善（P < 0.05）消耗玉米基饮食的那些的平均日增重（59.5对56.9 g）和消耗小麦基饮食的那些的FCR（1.83对1.90）至与在对照鸟中观察到的值（分别为59.7 g/d和1.84）相似的值来帮助受挑战的鸟维持其最佳生长性能。综上所述，添加酶制剂可以改善生长性能，减轻C.产气荚膜梭菌激发试验。
The effects of diet type (corn- vs. wheat-based) and multicarbohydrase addition on growth performance, digesta pH and viscosity, intestinal populations of Clostridium perfringens and lactic acid bacteria, and gut lesion score (from 0 to 4, where 0 = no gross lesions, 4 = severe extensive necrosis) of broiler chickens during oral challenge with C. perfringens (none or 108 cfu/bird on d 13) were studied in a 39-d experiment. A total of 1,216 male Ross-308 chickens was assigned to 8 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design providing 8 replicate pens per treatment. Diets were formulated to meet the NRC protein requirement but were suboptimal in energy level. When compared with birds fed corn- based diets, chickens fed wheat-based diets had inferior (P < 0.01) final BW (2.49 vs. 2.59 kg) and feed conversion ratio (FCR; 1.83 vs. 1.78). Pathogen challenge significantly (P < 0.05) impaired growth performance and increased C. perfringens numbers and average lesion score. Increased (P < 0.01) C. perfringens counts (2.4 vs. 1.5 log(10) cfu/g of digesta) and intestinal lesion score (0.9 vs. 0.4) were observed for challenged birds fed wheat-based diets. No difference in digesta pH and lactic acid bacteria numbers were found among the treatments. Enzyme addition to both the corn- and wheat-based diets increased bird final BW (2.57 vs. 2.51 kg; P < 0.01), decreased overall FCR (1.78 vs. 1.83; P < 0.01), and, in those consuming wheat-based diets, reduced digesta viscosity (from 4.1 to 2.7 mPa center dot s; P < 0.01). Enzyme supplementation assisted the challenged birds in maintaining their optimal growth performance by improving (P < 0.05) average daily gain (59.5 vs. 56.9 g) in those consuming corn-based diets and FCR (1.83 vs. 1.90) in those consuming wheat-based diets to values similar to those observed in control birds (59.7 g/d and 1.84, respectively). In conclusion, enzyme addition improved growth performance and mitigated the negative effects of C. perfringens challenge.