Detection of Microsleep Events With a Behind-the-Ear Wearable System
Detection of Microsleep Events With a Behind-the-Ear Wearable System
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DOI：
10.1109/tmc.2021.3090829
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发表时间：
2021-06
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Nhat Pham;Tuan Dinh;Taeho Kim;Zohreh Raghebi;Nam Bui;Hoang Truong;Tuan Nguyen;F. Banaei-Kashani;A. Halbower;Thang N. Dinh;Vp Nguyen;Tam N. Vu
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作者：
Nhat Pham;Tuan Dinh;Taeho Kim;Zohreh Raghebi;Nam Bui;Hoang Truong;Tuan Nguyen;F. Banaei-Kashani;A. Halbower;Thang N. Dinh;Vp Nguyen;Tam N. Vu
每年，美国经济因微睡眠导致的工作绩效降低、伤害和交通事故而损失超过4110亿美元。为了减轻微睡眠的后果，需要一种不引人注目的、可靠的、社会可接受的全天微睡眠检测解决方案。不幸的是，现有的解决方案不满足这些要求。在本文中，我们提出了唤醒，一种新的耳后可穿戴设备的微睡眠检测。通过监测来自大脑的生物信号、眼球运动、面部肌肉收缩和来自用户耳后的汗腺活动，WAKE可以以高时间分辨率检测微睡眠。我们引入了一种三重级联放大（3CA）技术来驯服运动伪影和环境噪声，以捕获高保真信号。通过我们的原型，我们表明WAKE可以在步行，驾驶或停留在不同环境中时实时抑制运动和环境噪声9.74-19.47 dB，确保可靠地捕获生物信号。我们使用金标准设备对19名睡眠剥夺和发作性睡病受试者进行了WAKE评估。Leave-One-Subject-Out交叉验证结果表明，WAKE在微睡眠检测中对看不见的受试者的平均准确率和召回率分别为76%和85%。
Every year, the U.S. economy loses more than ${\$}$$411 billion because of work performance reduction, injuries, and traffic accidents caused by microsleep. To mitigate microsleep's consequences, an unobtrusive, reliable, and socially acceptable microsleep detection solution throughout the day, every day is required. Unfortunately, existing solutions do not meet these requirements. In this paper, we propose WAKE, a novel behind-the-ear wearable device for microsleep detection. By monitoring biosignals from the brain, eye movements, facial muscle contractions, and sweat gland activities from behind the user's ears, WAKE can detect microsleep with a high temporal resolution. We introduce a Three-fold Cascaded Amplifying (3CA) technique to tame the motion artifacts and environmental noises for capturing high fidelity signals. Through our prototyping, we show that WAKE can suppress motion and environmental noise in real-time by 9.74-19.47 dB while walking, driving, or staying in different environments, ensuring that the biosignals are captured reliably. We evaluated WAKE using gold-standard devices on 19 sleep-deprived and narcoleptic subjects. The Leave-One-Subject-Out Cross-Validation results show the feasibility of WAKE in microsleep detection on an unseen subject with average precision and recall of 76 and 85 percent, respectively.