Long-term weight-loss maintenance: a meta-analysis of US studies.
Long-term weight-loss maintenance: a meta-analysis of US studies.
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/74.5.579
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发表时间：
2001-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
James W. Anderson;E. Konz;Robert C. Frederich;C. L. Wood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
James W. Anderson;E. Konz;Robert C. Frederich;C. L. Wood
背景技术目前的看法是，结构化减肥计划的参与者会在 5 年内恢复所有减肥效果。目的 目的是检查完成结构化减肥计划的个人的长期减肥维持情况。设计 研究要求 1) 在美国进行，2) 纳入了结构化减肥计划的参与者，3) 提供了≥2 年的后续数据和方差估计。主要结果变量是以公斤为单位的减重维持率、减重维持率占初始体重减轻的百分比以及体重减轻占初始体重（减少的体重）的百分比。结果 二十九项研究符合纳入标准。在随访的所有年份中，与成功的低能量平衡饮食（HBD）相比，成功的极低能量饮食（VLED）与显着更高的减肥维持相关。 VLED 和 HBD 随访 4 年或 5 年的个体百分比分别为 55.4% 和 79.7%。 VLED 和 HBD 的结果分别如下：减肥维持，7.1 kg（95% CI：6.1, 8.1 kg）和 2.0（1.5, 2.5）kg；维持减肥百分比，29%（25%、33%）和17%（13%、22%）；重量减轻6.6%（5.7%、7.5%）和2.1%（1.6%、2.7%）。女性和男性的减肥维持没有显着差异。六项研究报告称，运动量较多的群体比运动量较少的群体的减肥效果明显更好。结论 完成结构化减肥计划五年后，个人平均体重减轻>3公斤，减轻的体重>初始体重的3%。在 VLED 或体重减轻 > 或 = 20 公斤后，个体的体重减轻明显多于 HBD 或体重减轻 <10 公斤后。
BACKGROUND Current perception is that participants of a structured weight-loss program regain all of their weight loss within 5 y. OBJECTIVE The objective was to examine the long-term weight-loss maintenance of individuals completing a structured weight-loss program. DESIGN Studies were required to 1) have been conducted in the United States, 2) have included participants in a structured weight-loss program, 3) have provided follow-up data with variance estimates for > or =2 y. Primary outcome variables were weight-loss maintenance in kilograms, weight-loss maintenance as a percentage of initial weight loss, and weight loss as a percentage of initial body weight (reduced weight). RESULTS Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Successful very-low-energy diets (VLEDs) were associated with significantly greater weight-loss maintenance than were successful hypoenergetic balanced diets (HBDs) at all years of follow-up. The percentage of individuals at 4 or 5 y of follow-up for VLEDs and HBDs were 55.4% and 79.7%, respectively. The results for VLEDs and HBDs, respectively, were as follows: weight-loss maintenance, 7.1 kg (95% CI: 6.1, 8.1 kg) and 2.0 (1.5, 2.5) kg; percentage weight-loss maintenance, 29% (25%, 33%) and 17% (13%, 22%); and reduced weight, 6.6% (5.7%, 7.5%) and 2.1% (1.6%, 2.7%). Weight-loss maintenance did not differ significantly between women and men. Six studies reported that groups who exercised more had significantly greater weight-loss maintenance than did those who exercised less. CONCLUSIONS Five years after completing structured weight-loss programs, the average individual maintained a weight loss of >3 kg and a reduced weight of >3% of initial body weight. After VLEDs or weight loss of > or =20 kg, individuals maintained significantly more weight loss than after HBDs or weight losses of <10 kg.