Development of contraceptive vaccines for humans using antigens derived from gametes (spermatozoa and zona pellucida) and hormones (human chorionic gonadotrophin): current status.
Development of contraceptive vaccines for humans using antigens derived from gametes (spermatozoa and zona pellucida) and hormones (human chorionic gonadotrophin): current status.
复制标题
使用源自配子（精子和透明带）和激素（人绒毛膜促性腺激素）的抗原开发人类避孕疫苗：现状。
DOI：
10.1093/humupd/1.1.1
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Talwar,GP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naz,RK;Sacco,A;Singh,O;Pal,R;Talwar,GP
随着杂交瘤和DNA重组技术的出现，避孕研究进入了一个新的发展阶段。在过去的5年里，这一领域取得了重大进展，现在看来，开发适用于人类和动物(兽医、野生和家养)的避孕疫苗具有现实的前景，既适用于女性，也适用于男性。避孕疫苗将是目前可用的计划生育方法的有价值的补充，由于其高度的特异性、发生的副作用有限、成本低和不经常使用，避孕疫苗可能比目前可用的方法具有更大的可接受性。哺乳动物的繁殖始于雄性和雌性伴侣贡献的配子的统一。精子和卵母细胞在细胞表面都有独特的、组织特异性的、免疫原性的、可被抗体访问的抗原，抗体与这些抗原的结合会导致配子功能的抑制，导致受精失败。受精之后是胚胎发生，早期胚胎产生几种蛋白质，其中一些是。人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)在早期妊娠的建立和维持中起着至关重要的作用。同样，这些蛋白质可以被抗体结合，它们的免疫中和作用可以导致早期胚胎丧失的抗生育作用。因此，精子、卵母细胞和早期胚胎上的蛋白质，特别是人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)的抗原，构成了避孕疫苗开发的有趣分子。本文综述了以精子抗原、卵母细胞透明带抗原和人绒毛膜促性腺激素抗原为基础的避孕疫苗的发展现状，并对其优缺点和发展前景进行了讨论。
Contraceptive research has entered a new phase of development with the advent of hybridoma and DNA recombinant technologies. During the past 5 years, significant advances have been made in this area and now it seems that realistic prospects exist for the development of contraceptive vaccines for use in humans and animals (veterinary, wild and domestic), applicable to both the female and male sexes. Contraceptive vaccines will be valuable supplements to the presently available methods of family planning, and, due to high specificity, the occurrence of limited side-effects if any, low cost and infrequent administration, contraceptive vaccines may have greater acceptability than the currently available methods. Mammalian reproduction starts with the unison of gametes contributed by the male and female partners. Both spermatozoon and oocyte have antigens on the cell surface that are unique, tissue-specific, immunogenic and accessible to antibodies, and binding of the antibodies to these antigens can cause inhibition of gamete function, resulting in a failure of fertilization. Fertilization is followed by embryogenesis, with the early embryo producing several proteins, some of which, eg. human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), have a vital role in the establishment and maintenance of early pregnancy. Again, these proteins are accessible to antibodies, and their immunoneutralization can cause anti-fertility effects with loss of early embryo. Thus, the antigens derived from proteins on spermatozoa, oocyte and early embryo, especially HCG, constitute interesting molecules for the development of contraceptive vaccines. The aim of the present article is to review the current status of development of contraceptive vaccines based on antigens derived from sperm cell, oocyte zona pellucida and HCG, and to discuss their relative merits and future development