RESPIRATORY RATE DURING ACUTE ASTHMA
RESPIRATORY RATE DURING ACUTE ASTHMA
复制标题
DOI：
10.1378/chest.97.1.58
复制
发表时间：
1990-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.6
通讯作者：
REBUCK, AS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
KESTEN, S;MALEKIYAZDI, MR;REBUCK, AS
哮喘患者在急性发作时会过度换气，但对于他们呼吸是快、深还是两者兼而有之，仍然存在争议。我们在以下三种情况下监测呼吸频率：（1）在急诊室接受哮喘治疗； (2)吸入乙酰甲胆碱引起气道阻塞； (3)运动引起的气道阻塞。 47 名急性哮喘患者的呼吸频率高于急诊室 42 名非哮喘控制患者。治疗前呼吸频率与呼气峰值流速和一秒用力呼气量相关。通过呼吸感应体积描记法监测 17 名哮喘患者和 16 名健康志愿者的呼吸模式。乙酰甲胆碱吸入和运动会引起哮喘患者明显的气道阻塞，但对照组则不会。在哮喘患者中，乙酰甲胆碱和运动后，每分钟通气量和潮气量增加至高于对照受试者，但比率并不高于对照受试者。我们得出的结论是，自然发生的哮喘中呼吸频率会增加，但在实验室短暂诱发急性气道阻塞时呼吸频率不会增加。在前一种情况下，呼吸频率与气流阻塞的肺活量测定相关，但相关性较弱，不允许将呼吸频率用作肺活量测定的替代品。
Asthmatic patients hyperventilate during acute attackes, but controversy persists as to whether they breathe rapidly, deeply or both. We monitored respiratory rate under the three following conditions: (1) asthma treated in the emergency room; (2) airways obstruction provoked by methacholine inhalation; and (3) airways obstruction provoked by exercise. In 47 acutely ill asthmatic patients, respiratory rate was higher than in 42 nonasthmatic control patients in the emergency room. Pretreatment respiratory rate correlated with peak expiratory flow rate and forced expired volume in one second. In 17 asthmatic patients and 16 healthy volunteers, breathing pattern was monitored by respiratory inductance plethysmography. Methacholine inhalation and exercise provoked significant airways obstruction in asthmatic patients but not in control subjects. In asthmatic patients, minute ventilation and tidal volume increased above that of control subjects following methacholine and exercise, but the rate was no higher than in control subjects. We conclude that the respiratory rate is increased in naturally occurring astham, but not when acute airways obstruction is induced transiently in the laboratory. In the former setting, the respiratory rate is correlated with spirometric measures of the airflow obstruction, but the weakness of the correlation does not allow the respiratory rate to be used as a subsitute for spirometry.