Litter removal reduces seed predation in restored prairies during times when seed predation would otherwise be high

Litter removal reduces seed predation in restored prairies during times when seed predation would otherwise be high
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在恢复后的草原上,当种子捕食率很高时,清除垃圾可以减少种子捕食率

DOI:
10.1111/rec.13550
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
Damschen, Ellen I.
Damschen, Ellen I.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Anderegg, Genevieve C.;Henn, Jonathan J.;Orrock, John L.;Damschen, Ellen I.

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了解高草草原恢复中种子捕食的模式至关重要,因为管理者经常使用种子添加来增加多样性和促进本地物种的发展。然而,种子添加的成功取决于种子捕食的程度。目前尚不清楚种子捕食如何随时间变化,以及它在多大程度上受到草原中各种常用管理技术(例如春季或秋季规定的烧伤、割草)的影响。我们研究了 2018 年 6 月至 2019 年 4 月期间的八次试验中,在接受四种不同植物凋落物清除处理(秋季割草、秋季烧伤、春季烧伤和未改变对照)之一的地块中,高粱种子的捕食情况如何变化。谷类食物全年都有所变化,在秋末和初冬达到顶峰。然而,我们发现,在秋季烧伤和秋季割草处理应用后清除垫料后,种子捕食者消耗的种子明显减少。这些处理发生在垃圾保持完好的地区(对照和春季烧伤地块)谷类食物大量存在的时期。我们的研究结果强调了管理决策的重要性以及它们如何与草原恢复中的粮草相互作用。一年中的时间和凋落物覆盖率都决定了种子的捕食率;当种子丰富时,种子捕食者会消耗更多的种子,但在觅食时依赖完整的凋落物覆盖。这表明,如果在秋季添加种子,则应清除垃圾,以最大程度地减少谷类食物中种子的损失。另外,春季添加种子可能会降低种子捕食率。
Understanding patterns of seed predation in tallgrass prairie restorations is vital because seed additions are often used by managers to increase diversity and promote native species. However, the success of seed additions depends on the extent of seed predation. It is not clear how seed predation varies through time and to what extent it is affected by various commonly used management techniques in grasslands (e.g. spring or fall prescribed burns, mowing). We examined how predation ofSorghastrum nutansseeds changed during eight trials between June 2018 and April 2019 in plots that received one of four different plant litter removal treatments (fall mow, fall burn, spring burn, and unaltered control). Granivory varied throughout the year, reaching its peak in the late fall and early winter. However, we found that seed predators consumed significantly fewer seeds when litter was removed following fall burn and fall mow treatment applications. These treatments occurred during times when granivory was otherwise high in areas where litter remained intact (control and spring burn plots). Our findings highlight the importance of management decisions and how they interact with granivory in grassland restorations. Both time of year and litter cover determine seed predation rates; seed predators consume more seeds when seeds are abundant but rely on intact litter cover while foraging. This suggests that if seeds are added during the fall, litter should be removed to minimize the loss of seeds to granivory. Alternatively, seed additions during the spring are likely to experience lower rates of seed predation.
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