Manhandled and ‘kicked around’: reinterpreting the etymology and symbolism of ảνδράποδα
Manhandled and ‘kicked around’: reinterpreting the etymology and symbolism of ảνδράποδα
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粗暴对待和“踢来踢去”：重新解释ảνδράποδα的词源和象征意义
DOI：
10.1515/9783110239485.110
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
0.3
通讯作者：
Kathy L. Gaca
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kathy L. Gaca
自Lehrs， Brugmann和Wackernagel以来，人们一致认为，讲希腊语的战士和商人称战争俘虏为$，词源为“人足”（menschenflssige），与四足动物掠夺物类似。事实证明，这种词源及其非人性化的象征意义（“人脚牲畜”）是站不住脚的。1. alpha链接（$）可能是Attic方言的变体，不需要这个类比来解释它。2. 类比逻辑缺乏说服力。3. 在掠夺话语中，使用$，而不是。4. #A不是“人类”的意思，而是针对成年男性的，不适合描述从被蹂躏的民众中被绑架的大多数妇女和儿童。5. 名词$是第二个变格，既不是异格，也不是原来的第三个变格（$ +«/«）。它唯一明显的第三变格用法是《伊利亚特》7.475中听起来像风的$，这是一种韵律驱动的反常现象，将$作为与格复数改编为荷马口头诗学的公式化表达。6. 即使$是第三次衰落，它也可能意味着一个支撑人的平台，而不是一个人走路的人。在希腊语和其他IE中。在语言中，“脚”和“手”一样，是一个名词，由于人的身体能动性，它具有作为动词的内在亲和力。在$中，根函数是口头的，正如Meyer最初提出的那样（1901）。它的意思最好从以and结尾的动词中得到解释，它的意思是“强有力的基于脚的动作（）”，以Ν为代理。带有proparoxytone重音的$是一个被动的依赖复合描述符，结构类似于“manhandled”，应该理解为“人为伤害”。这在希腊的军事用语中得到证实，其中征服暴力与侵略者“脚下”的行动联系在一起Ν”。因此，$仍然是非人化的，但通过将“被殴打”的战争俘虏视为战争的产物，其中最重要的是妇女和儿童。
As consensus has held since Lehrs, Brugmann, and Wackernagel, Greek-speaking warriors and traders called war-captives $ , etymologically ‘humanfooted’ (menschenflüssige), by analogy with for quadruped plunder. This etymology and its dehumanizing symbolism (‘human-footed livestock’) prove untenable. 1. The alpha link ($ ) is likely an Attic dialect variant that does not need this analogy to explain it. 2. The analogy logic is unpersuasive. 3. In plunder discourse, $ is used, not . 4. #A does not mean ‘human’ but is adult-male specific and is an inappropriate descriptor for the women and children who were the majority of $ abducted from a ravaged populace. 5. The noun $ is second declension, neither heteroclite nor originally third declension ($ + «/ «). Its sole apparent third-declension use, the Aeolic-sounding $ in Iliad 7.475, is a metrically driven anomaly adapting $ as a dative plural into a formulaic expression of Homeric oral poetics. 6. Even if $ were third declension, it would likely signify a man-supporting platform, not a manfooted person. In Greek and other IE. languages, ‘foot’, like ‘hand’, is a noun with an inherent affinity to be a verb, given human bodily agency. In $ the root functions verbally, as Meyer first suggested (1901). Its sense is best explicated from verbs ending in and , and means ‘forceful foot-based action ( )’ with Ν as agent. With the proparoxytone accent, $ is a passive dependent-compound descriptor structured like ‘manhandled’ and should be taken to mean ‘man-mauled’. This is corroborated in Greek military phrasing, in which the subjugating violence was associated with action “at the feet” of the aggressor Ν «. Thus, $ still dehumanizes, but by signifying ‘manmauled’ war-captives as products of warfare, women and children foremost among them.