Investigating the spatial and temporal boundaries of Hortonian and Hewlettian runoff in Northern Mexico
Investigating the spatial and temporal boundaries of Hortonian and Hewlettian runoff in Northern Mexico
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.09.009
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发表时间：
2007-11
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
L. Descroix;D. Viramontes;Juan Estrada;J. Barrios;J. Asseline
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Descroix;D. Viramontes;Juan Estrada;J. Barrios;J. Asseline
土壤表面特征在很大程度上决定了雨水是渗入还是径流。这导致山坡和集水区的几种水文功能之间的分离。使用确定性模型，它试图定义Hortonian（渗透过量径流）和休利特（饱和过量地表径流）水文行为的空间和时间边界。该模型可以计算前期降水指数和土壤持水量在产流中的作用。这些因素取决于土壤水动力学特性。在墨西哥北方，使用了从四个实验网络收集的数据：一个在半湿润的西马德雷山脉，一个在其半干旱山麓，一个在内陆Bolson de马皮米（奇瓦瓦沙漠南部）的中心，最后一个在奇瓦瓦沙漠南部边缘的石灰岩山脉。由于降雨量的分布，这些参数有一个区域分布，而由于整个生态背景，这些参数有一个整体分布。决定土壤水分耗尽时间的α参数值和裸土比例是Hortonian和Hewlett背景下地理分离的最重要解释因子。这项研究确定，西马德雷山脉，其温和的气候，主要特点是休利特水文，尽管增加了霍顿的行为，特别是由于土地退化。然而，众所周知，Hortonian径流完全控制了半干旱和干旱地区;然而，在某些情况下，由于地形或当地粗糙度，以及当地或暂时渗入大部分雨水的可能性，即在低强度-长时间事件（飓风穿越山脉，与厄尔尼诺南方涛动结构有关的冬季多雨事件），可能出现饱和过量地表径流。
Soil surface features strongly determine whether rain water will infiltrate or runoff. This results in a segregation between several kinds of hydrological functioning of hillslopes and catchments. Using a deterministic model, it is attempted to define the spatial and temporal boundaries of Hortonian (infiltration excess runoff) and Hewlettian (saturation excess overland flow) hydrological behaviour. The model allows to calculate the role of the antecedent precipitation index and the soil water holding capacity in the runoff yield. These factors depend on soil hydrodynamic properties. In Northern Mexico, data collected in four experimental networks are used: one in the sub-humid Western Sierra Madre, one in its semi-arid foothill, one in the centre of the endoreic Bolson de Mapimi (the southern part of Chihuahuan desert) and the last one on the southern edge of the latter, in a limestone range. There is a regional distribution of these parameters because of rainfall distribution and overall because of the whole ecological context. The value of α parameter (which determines the depletion time of soil water content) and the proportion of bare soils are the most important explaining factors of geographical segregation between Hortonian and Hewlettian contexts. This study determines that the Western Sierra Madre, with its temperate climate, is mostly characterized by a Hewlettian hydrology, despite an increase in Hortonian behaviour due particularly to land degradation. Inversely, as it is well known, Hortonian runoff dominates completely the semi-arid and arid areas; however in certain circumstances, saturation excess overland flow can appear due to landscape or local roughness, and local or temporal possibility to infiltrate a great proportion of rainwater, i.e. during low intensity–large duration events (hurricanes crossing the mountains, winter rainy events linked to El Niño Southern Oscillation configuration).