Short-term microbial and physico-chemical variability in low-temperature hydrothermal fluids near 5 degrees S on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
Short-term microbial and physico-chemical variability in low-temperature hydrothermal fluids near 5 degrees S on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.01978.x
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发表时间：
2009-10
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
M. Perner;W. Bach;Michael Hentscher;A. Koschinsky;D. Garbe‐Schönberg;W. Streit;H. Strauss
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Perner;W. Bach;Michael Hentscher;A. Koschinsky;D. Garbe‐Schönberg;W. Streit;H. Strauss
本研究考察了低温热液流体样品在化学和微生物特征方面的代表性。在此范围内，我们调查了短期的时间化学和微生物的变化的热液流体。为了这个目的，我们连续收集了三个流体样品从同一地点在南部中大西洋海岭附近的5度S在50分钟的时间内，在同一地点。在采样期间，温度进行了在线监测。我们测量了流体化学参数，表征了微生物群落组成，并使用统计分析来确定样品之间的显着差异。总的来说，这三个流体样本彼此之间的关系比与任何其他测试栖息地的关系都要密切。因此，在广泛的范围内，收集的三个流体样品可以被视为栖息地的代表。然而，所有样本之间的微小差异都很明显。其中一个Clueless样本甚至显示出与其他两个Clueless样本的显著差异（P值< 0.01）。我们的数据表明，所观察到的流体化学和微生物成分的变化并不反映采样文物，但与短期流体的变化，由于动态海底下流体混合。记录的时间变化实际上反映了地下流体流经不同路径时的空间异质性。虽然保守元素（Cl，Si，Na和K）表明不同程度的流体-海水混合，反应性成分，包括Fe（II），O（2）和H（2）S，表明混合区内的化学和微生物反应进一步修改了短时间尺度上的排放流体。流体携带微生物，改变地下生物群落中的化学微环境。这是第一项专注于与热液流体化学变化相关的短期微生物变异性的研究。
This study examines the representativeness of low-temperature hydrothermal fluid samples with respect to their chemical and microbiological characteristics. Within this scope, we investigated short-term temporal chemical and microbial variability of the hydrothermal fluids. For this purpose we collected three fluid samples consecutively from the same spot at the Clueless field near 5 degrees S on the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge over a period of 50 min. During sampling, the temperature was monitored online. We measured fluid chemical parameters, characterized microbial community compositions and used statistical analyses to determine significant differences between the samples. Overall, the three fluid samples are more closely related to each other than to any other tested habitat. Therefore, on a broad scale, the three collected fluid samples can be regarded as habitat representatives. However, small differences are apparent between all samples. One of the Clueless samples even displayed significant differences (P-value < 0.01) to the other two Clueless samples. Our data suggest that the observed variations in fluid chemical and microbial compositions are not reflecting sampling artefacts but are related to short-term fluid variability due to dynamic subseafloor fluid mixing. Recorded temporal changes in fact reflect spatial heterogeneity found in the subsurface as the fluid flows through distinctive pathways. While conservative elements (Cl, Si, Na and K) indicate variable degrees of fluid-seawater mixing, reactive components, including Fe(II), O(2) and H(2)S, show that chemical and microbial reactions within the mixing zone further modify the emanating fluids on short-time scales. Fluids entrain microorganisms, which modify the chemical microenvironment within the subsurface biotopes. This is the first study focusing on short-term microbial variability linked to chemical changes in hydrothermal fluids.