QUANTIFYING NICOTINE'S VALUE-ENHANCEMENT EFFECT USING A BEHAVIORAL ECONOMIC APPROACH
QUANTIFYING NICOTINE'S VALUE-ENHANCEMENT EFFECT USING A BEHAVIORAL ECONOMIC APPROACH
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DOI：
10.1002/jeab.109
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发表时间：
2014-11-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Dallery, Jesse
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cassidy, Rachel N.;Dallery, Jesse
尼古丁增加了一些强化刺激的价值，这种效应可能会导致尼古丁的广泛滥用。我们的目标是使用行为经济学分析来量化这种影响。六只Long-Evans大鼠被暴露在一种改进的观察反应程序中。在这个程序中，按下一个杠杆，要么按照可变间隔15秒的时间表进行食物，要么熄灭；按到第二个杠杆，观察与食物/消光杠杆上的时间表相关的发光刺激(即条件化增强剂)。观察杠杆上的FR要求在不同阶段都有所增加。将调质增强剂的呈现次数绘制为FR值的函数，以生成需求曲线。然后，尼古丁的剂量为0.3毫克/公斤。所有的需求曲线均符合指数型需求方程，并求出了反映增强剂价值的参数。根据这个方程，尼古丁增加了条件性增强剂的价值；尼古丁也增加了对食物/消光水平的反应。这一分析表明，尼古丁在某些条件下会增加条件强化剂的价值。目前的程序允许一种新的方法来分析对调理增强剂的需求。
Nicotine increases the value of some reinforcing stimuli, and this effect may contribute to nicotine's widespread abuse. We aimed to quantify this effect using a behavioral economic analysis. Six Long- Evans rats were exposed to a modified observing response procedure. In this procedure, presses to one lever resulted either in food according to a variable-interval 15s schedule or extinction; presses to a second, observing lever illuminated stimuli correlated with the schedule in effect on the food/extinction lever (i.e., conditioned reinforcers). The FR requirement on the observing lever increased across sessions. The number of presentations of the conditioned reinforcers was plotted as a function of FR value to generate a demand curve. Nicotine was then administered at a dose of 0.3mg/kg. All demand curves were fitted to the exponential demand equation and a parameter reflecting reinforcer value was evaluated. Nicotine increased the value of the conditioned reinforcers as measured by this equation; nicotine also increased responding on the food/extinction lever. This analysis demonstrates that nicotine increases the value of conditioned reinforcers under certain conditions. The current procedure allows for a novel method of analyzing demand for conditioned reinforcers.