Improved multilayer coatings by combined use of electrochemical and ultra-short pulsed laser deposition techniques
Improved multilayer coatings by combined use of electrochemical and ultra-short pulsed laser deposition techniques
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DOI：
10.1016/j.surfcoat.2016.05.031
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发表时间：
2016-08
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Kimmo Laitinen;Hannu Korhonen;J. Leskinen;A. Koistinen;R. Lappalainen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kimmo Laitinen;Hannu Korhonen;J. Leskinen;A. Koistinen;R. Lappalainen
将电化学方法和超短脉冲激光沉积(USPLD)方法相结合，在传统的电化学方法难以获得的各种基材上制备多层膜。用USPLD方法在每个基材上涂覆一层附着力良好的金属中间层，然后用电化学方法在每个基材上镀一层镍或镍-三价铬。与传统方法相比，简化了电化学沉积的前处理步骤，且在前处理过程中不使用危险化学品。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)对多层膜的形貌、涂层厚度和元素组成进行了分析，并通过划痕和拉脱试验测试了各层的结合强度。结果表明，所研究的涂层在铝合金(6082)和不锈钢(SS316L)上具有良好的附着力，而要在玻璃(硼硅酸盐)和聚碳酸酯(PC)上获得足够的附着力，则需要正确选择涂层材料和工艺步骤。在划痕试验中，铝和玻璃涂层的临界载荷约为20N，SS316L涂层的临界载荷至少为50N，PC涂层的临界载荷约为5N。在拉拔试验中，铝和SS316L表面涂层的最大结合强度，化学涂层约为25 Mpa，电镀涂层约为10 Mpa。玻璃和PC上的涂层可达到约4-9兆帕的粘合强度，这足以满足许多应用。
Electrochemical and ultra-short pulsed laser deposition (USPLD) methods were combined to produce multilayer coatings on various base materials that are challenging to be coated by using traditional electrochemical techniques. A thin and well-adherent metallic intermediate layer was coated on each base material by USPLD method before final nickel or nickel-trivalent chrome coating by electrochemical methods. In this way, the pretreatment steps for electrochemical deposition were simplified compared with traditional methods and hazardous chemicals were not used during the pretreatment process. The morphology, coating thickness and the elemental composition of the multilayer coatings were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and the adhesion strengths of each coating were tested by scratch and pull-off tests. The results show good adherence for all studied coatings on aluminum alloy (6082) and stainless acid-proof steel (SS316L), whereas obtaining a sufficient adhesion of coatings on glass (borosilicate) and polycarbonate (PC) requires a correct choice of coating materials and process steps. The critical loads in scratch test are approximately 20 N for coatings on aluminum and glass, at least 50 N for coatings on SS316L and approximately 5 N for coatings on PC. In pull-off tests, maximum adhesion strengths for coatings on aluminum and SS316L are approximately 25 MPa for electroless coatings and 10 MPa for electroplated coatings. Coatings on glass and PC reach adhesion strengths of approximately 4–9 MPa, which is sufficient for many applications.