NEOGEOAEOLIAN HABITATS ON NEW LAVA FLOWS ON HAWAII ISLAND: AN ECOSYSTEM SUPPORTED BY WINDBORNE DEBRIS1
NEOGEOAEOLIAN HABITATS ON NEW LAVA FLOWS ON HAWAII ISLAND: AN ECOSYSTEM SUPPORTED BY WINDBORNE DEBRIS1
复制标题
夏威夷岛新熔岩流上的新地球栖息地：由风载碎片支持的生态系统1
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. C. Zimmerman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. M. Tenorio;J. Gressitt;G. Samuelson;F. J. Radovsky;S. Asahina;R. G. Fennah;R. Harrison;T. Maa;C. Sabrosky;Szent Ivany;J. Vecht;K. Yasumatsu;E. C. Zimmerman
在夏威夷岛的基拉韦厄火山上，火山熔岩流在喷发后的几个月内和第一批宏观植物出现前的6个月或更长时间内被节肢动物殖民。贫瘠的岩石表面是干燥的，多风的，并且受到高日照和每日极端温度的影响;然而，众多的裂缝和表面不规则性为动物提供了避难所。这些动物栖息在外来的风载有机碎屑上。最丰富的食腐动物，通过诱饵诱捕确定，是一个显着的，专门的蟋蟀，Caconemobius fori，这似乎是限制在这些无植被的熔岩流附近的基拉韦厄。一种本地狼蛛，狼蛛属，也会在非常年轻的水流中定居很少有其他本土或外来的夏威夷节肢动物能够利用严酷的环境。在几乎持续活跃的夏威夷火山上，新的水流在老的水流变成植被之前就穿过了老的水流。因此，只要夏威夷岛是陆上的，即，大约70万年。
Lava flows of pahoehoe basalt on Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii Island, are colonized by arthropods within months after an eruption and 6 months or more before the first macroscopic plants appear. The barren rock surface is xeric, windy, and subject to high insolation and to daily temperature extremes; however, the numerous cracks and surface irregularities offer refuge for the animals. These animals scavenge on allochthonous windborne (aeolian) organic debris. The most abundant scavenger, as determined by baited trapping, is a remarkable, specialized cricket, Caconemobius fori, which appears to be restricted to these unvegetated lava flows near Kilauea. A native wolf spider, Lycosa sp., also colonizes the very young flows. Few other native or exotic Hawaiian arthropods are able to exploit the rigorous environment. On the nearly continuously active Hawaii volcanoes, new flows cross older flows before the latter can become vegetated. Thus the habitat has been available for colonization possibly as long as Hawaii Island has been subaerial, i.e., approximately 700,000 years.