HIGH SCHOOL CHOICES AND THE GENDER GAP INSTEM
HIGH SCHOOL CHOICES AND THE GENDER GAP INSTEM
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DOI：
10.1111/ecin.12934
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发表时间：
2020-09-25
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Payne, A. Abigail
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Card, David;Payne, A. Abigail
与男性相比，女性获得科学、技术、工程或数学（STEM）学位的可能性更小。我们使用安大略省最近一批高中学生的详细行政数据，结合该省大学录取系统的数据，来分析这种差距的来源。我们表明，进入STEM项目是通过STEM准备指数来调节的，该指数取决于高中结束时的数学和科学课程。进入STEM领域的性别差距大部分可以追溯到准备进入STEM领域的大学学生所占比例的差异；只有一小部分是由于在选择以准备程度为条件的专业方面存在差异。然后，我们使用高中课程数据将STEM准备方面的性别差距分解为两个渠道：一个反映了具有进入STEM所需先决条件的高中生比例的差距，另一个来自进入大学的女性和男性总体比例的差异。具有STEM先决条件的男性和女性比例的性别差距很小。STEM准备程度差距的主要驱动因素是非科学取向男性的大学入学率低。（jeli21,28,20）
Women are less likely than men to graduate with a degree in science, technology, engineering, or math (STEM). We use detailed administrative data for a recent cohort of Ontario high school students, combined with data from the province's university admission system, to analyze the sources of this gap. We show that entry to STEM programs is mediated through an index of STEM readiness that depends on end-of-high school courses in math and science. Most of the gender gap in STEM entry can be traced to differences in the share of college entrants who are STEM-ready; only a small share is attributable to differences in the choice of major conditional on readiness. We then use high school course data to decompose the gender gap in STEM readiness into two channels: one reflecting the gap in the fraction of high school students with the necessary prerequisites to enter STEM, the other arising from differences in the overall fractions of females and males who enter university. The gender gap in the fraction of males and females with STEM prerequisites is small. The primary driver of the gap in STEM readiness is the low rate of university entry by nonscience-oriented males.(JELI21, 28, I20)