PRENATAL AND EARLY POSTNATAL ONTOGENESIS OF HUMAN MOTOR CORTEX - A G GOLGI STUDY .1. SEQUENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CORTICAL LAYERS
PRENATAL AND EARLY POSTNATAL ONTOGENESIS OF HUMAN MOTOR CORTEX - A G GOLGI STUDY .1. SEQUENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CORTICAL LAYERS
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DOI：
10.1016/0006-8993(70)90037-5
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发表时间：
1970-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
MARINPADILLA, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MARINPADILLA, M
高尔基研究的产前和产后早期发展的人类运动皮层提出。本研究的观察结果证实了以下结论。(A)传入纤维到达皮层的时间早于原始皮层物质形成可识别的层状结构。(B)第一层是大脑皮层发育成熟的第一层。它的发育和成熟与传入纤维（切向纤维）早期到达皮层有关。这些传入纤维与Cajal-Retzius细胞一起形成了皮层个体发生中发现的第一个独特的神经元链。有证据支持这一概念，即这种神经元链在运动皮层中持续存在一生。(C)皮层层的形成和组织以及传出神经元的发育和成熟都与传入纤维到达皮层有关。不同传入纤维的到达在皮层个体发生中遵循不同的顺序。(D)运动皮层中间神经元的发育和成熟与传出神经元平行，它们与传出神经元建立皮层内神经元链。(E)人类运动皮层的特征是出生后第4层减少并最终消失。这是该区域（第4区）皮层的发育特点。这是由于较低的第三层和第五层的锥体细胞在出生后明显生长，侵入第四层的领土，以至于无法再识别这一层的皮层（颗粒皮层）。(F)人类运动皮层的另一个特征是在第II层、第III层和第v层显著发育锥体细胞和篮状细胞。这两种类型的细胞形成皮层内链，组织成垂直的神经元系统。
A Golgi study of the prenatal and early postnatal development of the human motor cortex is presented. Observations made in this study justify the following conclusions. (A) The arrival of afferent fibers to the cortex precedes the organization of the primpordial cortical matter into a recognizable laminated structure. (B) Layer I is the first level of the cortex to develop and to achieve maturity. Its development and maturation are related to and seem to follow the early arrival of afferent fibers (tangential fibers) to this level of the cortex. These afferent fibers, with the Cajal-Retzius cells, form the first distinct neuronal chain to be found in cortical ontogenesis. There is evidence which supports the concept that this neuronal chain persists throughout life in the motor cortex. (C) The formation and organization of the cortical layers and the development and maturation of the efferent neurons are related to the arrival of afferent fibers to the cortex. The arrival of the different afferent fibers follows a distinct sequence in cortical ontogenesis. (D) The development and maturation of the interneurons of the motor cortex parallel that of the efferent neurons with which they establish intracortical neuronal chains. (E) The human motor cortex is characterized by the postnatal reduction and eventual disapperance of layer IV. This is a developmental peculiarity of this area (area 4) of the cortex. It is caused by the marked postnatal growth of the pyramidal cells of lower layer III and layer V invade the territory of layer IV to such an extent that this level of the cortex can no longer be recognized (agranular cortex). (F) The human motor cortex is characterized also by the marked development of pyramidal and basket cells in layers II, III and V. These two types of cells form intracortical chains organized into vertical neuronal systems.