Prey density in non-breeding areas affects adult survival of black-legged kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla
Prey density in non-breeding areas affects adult survival of black-legged kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla
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非繁殖区的猎物密度影响黑腿三趾鸥成年后的生存
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Yoccoz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Reiertsen;K. Erikstad;T. Anker‐Nilssen;R. Barrett;T. Boulinier;M. Frederiksen;J. González‐Solís;D. Grémillet;D. Johns;B. Moe;A. Ponchon;M. Skern;H. Sandvik;N. Yoccoz
在候鸟中，繁殖区和非繁殖区的环境条件可能影响成年存活率，因此是人口统计过程的重要驱动因素。然而，对海鸟在繁殖季节以外的真实分布情况知之甚少，严重限制了这类研究。本研究探讨了巴伦支海南部Hornoya上黑腿三趾鸥里萨三趾鸥成虫年存活率与其繁殖区和非繁殖区猎物密度和气候参数的时间瓦里之间的关系。我们使用的信息kittiwakes的时空分布在非繁殖季节获得全年光为基础的跟踪设备（地理定位器）和卫星发射器，和kittiwake每年的成年人生存率从一个22年的时间序列的彩色环kittiwakes的多态捕获标记再捕获分析。在繁殖后期，三趾鸥集中在斯瓦尔巴群岛以东的一个地区，冬季它们留在大浅滩/拉布拉多海地区，在繁殖前期，它们返回巴伦支海。我们确定了两种可能的猎物类别，它们对三趾鸥在这些地区的生存具有重要意义（冬季大浅滩/拉布拉多海域的海蝴蝶Theco- somata和繁殖前季节巴伦特海的毛鳞鱼Mallotus villosus），它们共同解释了52%的成年存活率变化。我们的研究结果可能对三趾鸥的保护具有重要意义，因为其他种群使用相同的区域，三趾鸥在全球范围内正在减少。由于它们受到渔业、国际航运和近海石油和天然气工业等主要人类活动的影响，这两个地区应成为未来管理计划的目标。
In migratory birds, environmental conditions in both breeding and non-breeding areas may affect adult survival rates and hence be significant drivers of demographic processes. In seabirds, poor knowledge of their true distribution outside the breeding season, however, has severely limited such studies. This study explored how annual adult survival rates of black-legged kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla on Hornoya in the southern Barents Sea were related to temporal vari- ation in prey densities and climatic parameters in their breeding and non-breeding areas. We used information on the kittiwakes' spatiotemporal distribution in the non-breeding season gained from year-round light-based tracking devices (geolocators) and satellite transmitters, and kittiwake annual adult survival rates gained from a multistate capture-mark-recapture analysis of a 22 yr time series of colour-ringed kittiwakes. In the post-breeding period, kittiwakes concen- trated in an area east of Svalbard, in the winter they stayed in the Grand Banks/Labrador Sea area, and in the pre-breeding period they returned to the Barents Sea. We identified 2 possible prey categories of importance for the survival of kittiwakes in these areas (sea butterflies Theco- somata in the Grand Banks/Labrador Sea area in winter and capelin Mallotus villosus in the Bar- ents Sea in the pre-breeding season) that together explained 52% of the variation in adult survival rates. Our results may have important implications for the conservation of kittiwakes, which are declining globally, because other populations use the same areas. Since they are under the influ- ence of major anthropogenic activities including fisheries, international shipping and the offshore oil and gas industry, both areas should be targeted for future management plans.