Relationships Among Positive Emotions, Coping, Resilience and Mental Health
Relationships Among Positive Emotions, Coping, Resilience and Mental Health
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DOI：
10.1002/smi.2589
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Steinhardt, Mary A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gloria, Christian T.;Steinhardt, Mary A.
积极情绪的扩展和构建理论表明，积极情绪可以扩大脑海中出现的潜在应对策略的范围，从而增强一个人对压力的恢复力。研究表明，高压力，特别是慢性压力水平，强烈有助于焦虑和抑郁症状的发展。然而，研究人员还发现，具有高弹性的人可以免受压力的影响，因此报告的焦虑和抑郁症状水平较低。本研究以200名博士后研究员为样本，探讨了（a）积极情绪与更大的弹性相关，（B）应对策略介导了积极情绪和弹性之间的联系，（c）弹性调节了压力对特质焦虑和抑郁症状的影响。研究结果支持了扩展和构建理论，即积极情绪可以直接或间接地通过应对策略的中介作用，特别是通过适应性应对来增强心理弹性。弹性也缓和了压力与特质焦虑和抑郁症状的关联。虽然压力是不可避免的，它对焦虑和抑郁症状的影响是不可否认的，博士后发展焦虑或抑郁症状的可能性可能会减少实施旨在增加积极情绪，适应性应对策略和韧性的方案。版权所有（c）2014约翰威利父子有限公司
The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions suggests that positive emotions can widen the range of potential coping strategies that come to mind and subsequently enhance one's resilience against stress. Studies have shown that high stress, especially chronic levels of stress, strongly contributes to the development of anxiety and depressive symptoms. However, researchers have also found that individuals who possess high levels of resilience are protected from stress and thus report lower levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Using a sample of 200 postdoctoral research fellows, the present study examined if (a) positive emotions were associated with greater resilience, (b) coping strategies mediated the link between positive emotions and resilience and (c) resilience moderated the influence of stress on trait anxiety and depressive symptoms. Results support the broaden-and-build theory in that positive emotions may enhance resilience directly as well as indirectly through the mediating role of coping strategiesparticularly via adaptive coping. Resilience also moderated the association of stress with trait anxiety and depressive symptoms. Although stress is unavoidable and its influences on anxiety and depressive symptoms are undeniable, the likelihood of postdocs developing anxiety or depressive symptoms may be reduced by implementing programmes designed to increase positive emotions, adaptive coping strategies and resilience. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.