Understanding the Paradox in Math-Related Fields: Why Do Some Gender Gaps Remain While Others Do Not?
Understanding the Paradox in Math-Related Fields: Why Do Some Gender Gaps Remain While Others Do Not?
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DOI：
10.1007/s11199-011-0060-z
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Cheryan, Sapna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cheryan, Sapna
尽管普遍存在不利于女孩的有害数学态度，但在美国，女孩在数学方面的表现与男孩一样好（Hyde et al. 1990; Hyde et al. 2008）。与此同时，在选择从事与数学相关的职业方面，性别差异依然明显（美国国家科学基金会2009年）。为什么性别差异在某些数学相关领域持续存在，而在其他领域却没有？我认为，考虑到与数学相关的领域在多大程度上被定型为男性化，可以帮助解释为什么女性不寻求与数学相关的职业，即使她们在数学方面表现得同样出色。改变目前对数学相关职业的刻板印象，使其与女性性别角色不那么不一致，可能有助于招募更多的女性进入这些职业。
Despite the ubiquity of harmful math attitudes that disadvantage girls, girls are now performing just as well as boys in math in the U.S. (Hyde et al. 1990; Hyde et al. 2008). At the same time, stark gender disparities remain in who chooses to pursue math-related careers (National Science Foundation 2009). Why have gender disparities persisted in some math-related domains but not others? I suggest that considering the extent to which math-related domains are stereotyped as masculine can help explain why women do not seek out math-related careers, even as they perform just as well in math. Changing current stereotypes of math-related careers to make them less incongruent with the female gender role may help to recruit more women into these careers.