DISENTANGLING THE EFFECTS OF EVOLUTIONARY, DEMOGRAPHIC, AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS INFLUENCING GENETIC STRUCTURE OF NATURAL POPULATIONS: ATLANTIC HERRING AS A CASE STUDY
DISENTANGLING THE EFFECTS OF EVOLUTIONARY, DEMOGRAPHIC, AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS INFLUENCING GENETIC STRUCTURE OF NATURAL POPULATIONS: ATLANTIC HERRING AS A CASE STUDY
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00779.x
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Ruzzante, Daniel E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gaggiotti, Oscar E.;Bekkevold, Dorte;Ruzzante, Daniel E.
种内遗传多样性的空间结构是随机遗传漂变、自然选择、迁移、突变及其与历史过程相互作用的结果。每个因素的贡献通常难以估计，但统计遗传学的最新进展为解决这种复杂性提供了有价值的新研究工具。结合使用这些方法，我们研究了环境（即自然选择）、随机遗传过程（即漂流）以及人口学和生活史（例如摄食迁徙）对具有经济重要性的广泛分布且丰富的海洋中上层鱼类——大西洋鲱鱼（Clupea harengus）的种群结构的作用。在产卵高峰期从北海西部到波罗的海东部地区的 19 个产卵地点收集个体（N = 1859，8 个微卫星位点）。我们对中性和选择性遗传变异进行了单独分析，这使我们能够确定影响种群结构的两个最重要的因素是产卵地盐度和摄食迁徙造成的选择。另一方面，鲱鱼的种群历史留下的遗传信号似乎已被很大程度上削弱，考虑到远洋鱼类巨大的繁殖潜力和假定的巨大的局部有效种群规模限制了随机过程的影响，这并不奇怪。我们使用的方法原则上可以应用于任何丰富且分布广泛的水生或陆地物种。
The spatial structuring of intraspecific genetic diversity is the result of random genetic drift, natural selection, migration, mutation, and their interaction with historical processes. The contribution of each has been typically difficult to estimate, but recent advances in statistical genetics have provided valuable new investigative tools to tackle such complexity. Using a combination of such methods, we examined the roles of environment (i.e., natural selection), random genetic processes (i.e., drift), and demography and life histories (e. g., feeding migrations) on population structure of a widely distributed and abundant marine pelagic fish of economic importance, Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus). Individuals were collected during peak spawning time from 19 spawning locations spanning the region from the western North Sea to the eastern Baltic Sea (N = 1859, eight microsatellite loci). We carried out separate analyses of neutral and selected genetic variation, which allowed us to establish that the two most important factors affecting population structure were selection due to salinity at spawning sites and feeding migrations. The genetic signal left by the demographic history of herring, on the other hand, seems to have been largely eroded, which is not surprising given the large reproductive potential and presumed enormous local effective population sizes of pelagic fish that constrain the effect of stochastic processes. The approach we used can in principle be applied to any abundant and widely distributed aquatic or terrestrial species.