PERINATAL MATERNAL ETHANOL EFFECTS ON PREGNANT MICE AND ON OFFSPRING VIABILITY AND GROWTH - INFLUENCES OF EXPOSURE TIME AND WEANING DIET
PERINATAL MATERNAL ETHANOL EFFECTS ON PREGNANT MICE AND ON OFFSPRING VIABILITY AND GROWTH - INFLUENCES OF EXPOSURE TIME AND WEANING DIET
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.1995.tb01624.x
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发表时间：
1995-10-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
BOGGAN, WO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MIDDAUGH, LD;BOGGAN, WO
从妊娠第12天开始，C57BL/6小鼠持续饲喂含27.5%乙醇来源热量的液体饲料。其中一组在妊娠第18天早晨，与分娩前24小时相似，用实验室饲料代替液体饲料。第二组在产后继续饲喂该饮食7 d。另外两组分别饲喂等热量蔗糖饲料，最后一组饲喂正常实验室饲料。小鼠在怀孕期间每天摄入足量的乙醇，接近30 g/ kg，产后第一周摄入的乙醇量略高。乙醇饮食没有造成产妇死亡，也没有改变妊娠期12-17天的体重增加。研究结果证实了先前的报道，即在对怀孕小鼠影响很小的条件下，摄入乙醇会对胎儿产生重大影响。如前所述，在分娩前24小时终止暴露，新生儿死亡率升高约30%，但出生体重没有改变。当饮食延长到哺乳期时，死亡率被推迟，但没有减少，可能是通过降低乙醇戒断的严重程度。当持续暴露于乙醇中直到出生前，出生体重减少了10%，这表明胎儿乙醇暴露（FEE）小鼠可以通过在分娩前24小时终止暴露来消除两个出生体重。正如之前的报道一样，正常出生体重的FEE小鼠青春期前生长突增减弱，这表明低出生体重和出生后生长减弱可能是由不同的机制介导的。FEE小鼠青春期周围生长的减少导致了持续到成年的体重不足，这不能用卡路里消耗的减少来解释。
C57BL/6 mice were maintained on liquid diets containing 27.5% ethanol-derived calories beginning on gestational day 12. For one group, the liquid diet was replaced with laboratory chow on the morning of gestational day 18, similar to 24 hr before delivery. For a second group, the diet was continued for 7 days postnatally. Two additional groups were pair-fed isocaloric sucrose diets, and a final group was maintained on normal laboratory chow. The mice consumed sufficient amounts of diet to provide near 30 g ethanol/kg/day during pregnancy and slightly greater amounts during the first postpartum week. The ethanol diet produced no maternal deaths and did not alter weight gain during gestational days 12-17 of pregnancy. The results confirmed previous reports that dietary ethanol exposure under conditions that have rather minor effects on the pregnant mouse can substantially affect the fetus. As previously reported, when exposure was terminated 24 hr before delivery, neonatal mortality was elevated by similar to 30%, but birth weight was not altered. When the diet was extended into the lactation period, mortality was delayed but not reduced, possibly by reducing the severity of ethanol withdrawal. Birthweight was reduced by 10% when exposure continued until birth, suggesting that tow birthweights for fetal ethanol-exposed (FEE) mice can be eliminated by terminating exposure similar to 24 hr before delivery. As in previous reports, FEE mice with normal birthweights had an attenuated preadolescent growth spurt, suggesting that low birthweights and attenuated postnatal growth are likely mediated by different mechanisms. The reduction in periadolescent growth of FEE mice resulted in weight deficits that persisted into adulthood and could not be accounted for by a reduction in calories consumed.