Quaternary ammonia compounds in disinfectant products: evaluating the potential for promoting antibiotic resistance and disrupting wastewater treatment plant performance
Quaternary ammonia compounds in disinfectant products: evaluating the potential for promoting antibiotic resistance and disrupting wastewater treatment plant performance
复制标题
消毒剂产品中的季铵化合物：评估促进抗生素耐药性和破坏废水处理厂性能的潜力
DOI：
10.1039/d3va00063j
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发表时间：
2024
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McNamara, Patrick J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lu, Zihao;Mahony, Anna K.;Arnold, William A.;Marshall, Christopher W.;McNamara, Patrick J.
季铵化合物（QAC）是一类在COVID-19大流行期间广泛用作消毒剂的化合物，并继续用作消毒剂。消费者使用后，QAC浓度在废水进入废水处理厂时被稀释。在亚抑菌浓度下，QAC可能会产生意想不到的影响，包括增加抗生素耐药性和抑制废水处理厂的工艺性能。本文首先总结了QAC如何抑制细菌，然后强调QAC可以促进抗生素耐药性的机制。报告的环境浓度的QACs相比，怀疑影响抗生素耐药性的浓度，和QACs的作用可能对抗生素耐药性扩散的废水处理解决。最后，具体的影响，QAC可以对生物废水处理（活性污泥和厌氧消化）进行审查。我们沿着强调了关键的研究差距以及对未来研究的建议。特别有趣的是，需要研究来阐明QAC的化学结构与抗生素耐药性以及废水处理厂工艺性能之间的关系。最后，如果QAC被删除，需要确定减轻（逆转）这些影响的能力。
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are a class of compounds that were widely used as disinfectants during the COVID-19 pandemic and continue to be used as disinfecting agents. After consumer usage, QAC concentrations are diluted in wastewater as they enter wastewater treatment plants. At sub-inhibitory concentrations, QACs may have unintended repercussions, including increased antibiotic resistance and inhibition of process performance in wastewater treatment plants. This review first summarizes how QACs inhibit bacteria and then highlights the mechanisms by which QACs can promote antibiotic resistance in general. Reported environmental concentrations of QACs are compared to concentrations that are suspected to impact antibiotic resistance, and the role QACs may have on antibiotic resistance proliferation in wastewater treatment is addressed. Finally, the specific impacts that QACs can have on biological wastewater processes (activated sludge and anaerobic digestion) are reviewed. We highlight key research gaps along with recommendations for future research. Of particular interest, research is needed to elucidate the relationship between the chemical structure of QACs and impacts on antibiotic resistance as well as process performance in wastewater treatment plants. Finally, the ability to mitigate (reverse) these impacts if QACs are removed needs to be determined.