Long-Term Consequences of Adolescent Gang Membership for Adult Functioning
Long-Term Consequences of Adolescent Gang Membership for Adult Functioning
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2013.301821
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Hawkins, J. David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gilman, Amanda B.;Hill, Karl G.;Hawkins, J. David
目标。我们研究了青少年帮派成员身份对成人功能可能产生的公共卫生后果。方法。数据来自西雅图社会发展项目，这是一项专注于积极和问题结果发展的纵向研究。利用倾向得分匹配和逻辑回归分析，我们评估了青少年帮派成员身份对 27 岁、30 岁和 33 岁青少年的非法行为、教育和职业成就以及身心健康的影响。结果。与他们的非帮派同龄人（已知与选择加入帮派成员有关的 23 个混杂风险变量进行了匹配）相比，那些在青春期加入帮派的人在成人功能的多个领域的结果较差，包括较高的自我报告犯罪率、获得非法收入、监禁、药物滥用或依赖、总体健康状况不佳和福利领取率以及高中毕业率较低。结论。青少年帮派成员身份在成年后除了犯罪行为之外还会产生重大后果，这一发现表明制定有效的帮派预防计划对公共卫生具有重要意义。
Objectives. We examined the possible public health consequences of adolescent gang membership for adult functioning.Methods. Data were drawn from the Seattle Social Development Project, a longitudinal study focusing on the development of positive and problem outcomes. Using propensity score matching and logistic regression analyses, we assessed the effects of adolescent gang membership on illegal behavior, educational and occupational attainment, and physical and mental health at the ages of 27, 30, and 33 years.Results. In comparison with their nongang peers, who had been matched on 23 confounding risk variables known to be related to selection into gang membership, those who had joined a gang in adolescence had poorer outcomes in multiple areas of adult functioning, including higher rates of self-reported crime, receipt of illegal income, incarceration, drug abuse or dependence, poor general health, and welfare receipt and lower rates of high school graduation.Conclusions. The finding that adolescent gang membership has significant consequences in adulthood beyond criminal behavior indicates the public health importance of the development of effective gang prevention programs.