E-Cigarettes and the Multiple Responsibilities of the FDA
E-Cigarettes and the Multiple Responsibilities of the FDA
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DOI：
10.1080/15265161.2021.1907478
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发表时间：
2021-04-15
影响因子：
13.4
通讯作者：
Berman, Micah L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Svirsky, Larisa;Howard, Dana;Berman, Micah L.
本文考虑了FDA在传播有关电子烟的好处和危害的信息方面的责任。减少烟草危害的倡导者声称，FDA过于谨慎，违反了道德义务，未能向公众清楚地传达电子烟的危害远远低于香烟。相比之下，我们认为FDA在这一竞技场中的义务比乍看上去要复杂得多。虽然FDA负责向公众通报其监管产品的健康风险和益处，但它也有其他角色（以及随之而来的责任），告知何时以及如何传播信息。除了是知识的提供者，它还是知识的生产者，公众的顾问，以及塑造人们做出健康相关选择的物质条件的实际代理人。在我们看来，这些其他角色要求FDA在解释和传达现有证据的方式上保持谨慎。
This paper considers the responsibilities of the FDA with regard to disseminating information about the benefits and harms of e-cigarettes. Tobacco harm reduction advocates claim that the FDA has been overcautious and has violated ethical obligations by failing to clearly communicate to the public that e-cigarettes are far less harmful than cigarettes. We argue, by contrast, that the FDA's obligations in this arena are more complex than they may appear at first blush. Though the FDA is accountable for informing the public about the health risks and benefits of products it regulates, it also has other roles (and attendant responsibilities) that inform when and how it should disseminate information. In addition to being a knowledge purveyor, it is also a knowledge producer, an advisor to the public, and a practical agent shaping the material conditions in which people make health-related choices. In our view, those other roles call for caution in the way the FDA interprets and communicates the available evidence.