Preferential outgrowth of central nervous system neurites on astrocytes and Schwann cells as compared with nonglial cells in vitro.
Preferential outgrowth of central nervous system neurites on astrocytes and Schwann cells as compared with nonglial cells in vitro.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.100.1.198
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发表时间：
1985-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fallon JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fallon JR
我比较了中枢神经系统（CNS）神经突起在胶质细胞和非胶质细胞上的生长情况。制备单层胶质细胞（星形胶质细胞和雪旺细胞）或非胶质细胞（如成纤维细胞），并通过细胞类型特异性标记物判断其纯度大于95%。然后测试了这些单层膜支持各种中枢神经系统外植体的神经突生长的能力。中枢神经突在神经胶质细胞上生长旺盛，而在非神经细胞单层上生长微弱。神经突在胶质细胞上以单根或细束状生长，生长速率大于0.5 mm/d。详细研究了星形胶质细胞的神经突生长情况。扫描电镜和透射电镜显示，神经突与星形胶质细胞表面紧密贴壁，生长锥分布良好，有较长的丝足。没有证据表明大量外植体来源的细胞迁移到单层上。两种类型的实验表明，与星形胶质细胞表面相关的因素是这些细胞上活跃的神经突生长的主要原因：(a)来自星形胶质细胞或成纤维细胞的条件培养基对成纤维细胞和星形胶质细胞的生长模式没有影响，当与聚赖氨酸包被的培养皿结合时，来自两种细胞类型的条件培养基因子都不促进神经突的生长。(b)当生长的中枢神经突遇到星形胶质细胞和成纤维细胞的边界时，它们停留在星形胶质细胞上而不侵犯成纤维细胞。这些实验强烈表明，星形胶质细胞表面的特异性分子使这些细胞成为中枢神经突生长的特别有吸引力的底物，并且它们提出了胚胎胶质细胞上的类似分子可能在正常中枢神经系统发育过程中指导轴突生长的可能性。
I have compared central nervous system (CNS) neurite outgrowth on glial and nonglial cells. Monolayers of glial cells (astrocytes and Schwann cells) or nonglial cells (e.g., fibroblasts) were prepared and were shown to be greater than 95% pure as judged by cell type-specific markers. These monolayers were then tested for their ability to support neurite outgrowth from various CNS explants. While CNS neurites grew vigorously on the glial cells, most showed little growth on nonglial cell monolayers. Neurites grew singly or in fine fascicles on the glial cells at rates greater than 0.5 mm/d. The neurite outgrowth on astrocytes was investigated in detail. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed that the neurites were closely apposed to the astrocyte surface and that the growth cones were well spread with long filopodia. There was no evidence of significant numbers of explant- derived cells migrating onto the monolayers. Two types of experiments indicated that factors associated with the astrocyte surface were primarily responsible for the vigorous neurite outgrowth seen on these cells: (a) Conditioned media from either astrocytes or fibroblasts had no effect on the pattern of outgrowth on fibroblasts and astrocytes, and conditioned media factors from either cell type did not promote neurite outgrowth when bound to polylysine-coated dishes. (b) When growing CNS neurites encountered a boundary between astrocytes and fibroblasts, they stayed on the astrocytes and did not encroach onto the fibroblasts. These experiments strongly suggest that molecules specific to the surfaces of astrocytes make these cells particularly attractive substrates for CNS neurite outgrowth, and they raise the possibility that similar molecules on embryonic glial cells may play a role in guiding axonal growth during normal CNS development.