Sustainable Water Management under Variable Rainfall Conditions in River Communities of Champhone District, Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR
Sustainable Water Management under Variable Rainfall Conditions in River Communities of Champhone District, Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR
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DOI：
10.5539/jsd.v11n3p108
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发表时间：
2018-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
O. Vongmany;Kazuo Watanabe;Takeshi Mizunoya;M. Kawase;A. Kikuchi;H. Yabar;Y. Higano;Nouansisavad Sombounsack;Oukham Phounpakon
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文献类型：
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作者：
O. Vongmany;Kazuo Watanabe;Takeshi Mizunoya;M. Kawase;A. Kikuchi;H. Yabar;Y. Higano;Nouansisavad Sombounsack;Oukham Phounpakon
老挝人民民主共和国绝大多数农村人口的生计和粮食安全仍然依赖农业，因此获得和管理灌溉和雨水灌溉水源至关重要。作物选择和种植日历遵循季风（旱季/雨季）天气系统，易受降雨量变化的影响，特别是旱季降雨量不足和雨季降雨量过多。气候变化预测显示，沙湾拿吉省Champhone县等洪水脆弱地区未来可能面临更严重的问题，影响粮食安全和农业发展。通过计算降雨量的变化来确定雨季和旱季的水量平衡，从而评估洪水脆弱性。同时还分析了家庭调查的社会数据，以及各级机构能力和农民目前采用的应对战略。确定了加强沙湾拿吉省尚蓬河流域适应能力和抗御气候变化能力的制约因素和机遇。水文资料表明，在雨季和旱季，水量平衡都不稳定。最小径流量在旱季很低（Q = 2.4 m³/sec），而最大径流量在雨季很高（Q = 274 m³/sec）。在雨季收集雨水供旱季使用可减少农民的脆弱性。本研究旨在支持老挝人民民主共和国的小规模社区水管理举措。
A large majority of the rural population of Lao PDR remains dependent on agriculture for their livelihood and food security, for which access to and management of irrigated and rain-fed water sources is critical. Crop choices and planting calendars follow a monsoonal (dry season/wet season) weather system and are vulnerable to variations in the supply of rainfall, particularly deficits in the dry season and oversupply in the wet season. Climate change projections show that flood vulnerable areas like Champhone district, Savannakhet province might face worse problems in future, affecting food security and agricultural development.This study examines how households are being affected by flooding and drought in Xe Champhone district. Flood vulnerability was assessed by calculating the rainfall variation to determine the water balance during rainy season and dry season. This was combined with analysis of social data from household surveys, together with institutional capacity at different levels and coping strategies currently used by farmers. Constraints and opportunities are identified to strengthen adaptive capacity and resilience to climate change in the Xe Champhone River basin of Savannakhet province. Hydrology data show that the water balance was unstable during both the rainy and dry seasons. The minimum runoff is very low in dry season (Q = 2.4 m³/sec), while the maximum runoff is high in rainy season (Q = 274 m³/sec). Harvesting rainwater in the wet season for use in dry season could reduce the vulnerability of farmers. This study aims to support small-scale community water management initiatives in Lao PDR.