Planes , Trains and Automobiles — An Investigation into Safety Policy for Systems of Systems
Planes , Trains and Automobiles — An Investigation into Safety Policy for Systems of Systems
复制标题
飞机、火车和汽车——系统系统安全政策的调查
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Kelly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Hall;T. Kelly
系统的系统包括那些足够复杂的实体，这些实体本身就可以被视为系统。与单体系统不同，系统的系统（SoS）中的交互不受物理设计的约束。SoS的动态特性意味着允许在SoS的实体之间发生复杂的交互。这些相互作用可能导致事故。公路、铁路和航空运输网络都是不断发展的系统中的系统的例子。多年来制定了各种指导方针，以控制这些SoS参与者的行为。在英国，这些法规包括适用于所有道路使用者（包括行人）的《公路法规》、适用于民用航空的《航空规则》和适用于铁路网运营的《铁路规则手册》。这些指南（或指南集）中的每一个都形成了一个策略，更具体地说，是一个安全策略，用于实体之间的交互，作为安全运行的SoS的一部分。本文比较和对比这三种策略，试图了解他们如何提供一个完整的安全策略，为各自的SoS。使用的目标结构符号，更常用的组织安全的情况下，分解和安全政策的表达说明。三个示例策略的结构中的相似性被识别，以便学习如何更好地为其他SoS制定安全策略。
Systems of systems comprise entities that are complex enough to be considered as systems in their own right. The interactions within a system of systems (SoS), unlike monolithic systems, are not constrained by physical design. The dynamic nature of SoS means that complex interactions are allowed to occur between the entities of a SoS. These interactions can lead to accidents. The road, rail and air transport networks are all examples of continually evolving systems of systems. Various guidelines have been developed over the years to control the behaviour of participants in these SoS. In the UK these constitute the Highway Code for all road users (including pedestrians), the Rules of the Air for civil aerospace and the Railway Rule Book for operations on the rail network. Each of these guidelines (or set of guidelines) forms a policy, more specifically a safety policy, for the interaction of entities as part of a safely operating SoS. This paper compares and contrasts the three policies in an attempt to understand how they provide a complete safety policy for their respective SoS. Using the Goal Structuring Notation, more commonly used to organise safety cases, the decomposition and expression of safety policy is illustrated. Similarities in the structure across the three example policies are identified in order to learn how better to formulate safety policy for other SoS.