The meanings of self-ratings of health - A qualitative and quantitative approach
The meanings of self-ratings of health - A qualitative and quantitative approach
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DOI：
10.1177/0164027599213006
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发表时间：
1999-05-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Leventhal, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Idler, EL;Hudson, SV;Leventhal, H
健康自我评级是健康状况的核心衡量标准，可以预测死亡率和功能能力下降等结果。定性和定量数据被用来检验这样一种假设，即狭义的生物医学健康定义与相对于受访者病史的自我评级被低估有关，而广义和包容性的定义与相对较好的自我评级有关。一项对159名老年非裔美国人的抽样调查评估了他们的健康状况，并报告了“你的脑海中浮现了什么”。方差分析显示，高估自己健康的受访者更有可能根据社会活动和人际关系，或者心理、情感或精神特征，而不是生物医学标准来报告评级。作者的结论是，在健康状况固定的情况下，包容性健康定义有助于对健康进行更积极的自我评级；从方法上讲，他们得出结论，这是探索健康自我评级的一种很有前途的方法。
Self-ratings of health are central measures of health status that predict outcomes such as mortality and declines in functional ability. Qualitative and quantitative data are used to test the hypothesis that definitions of health that are narrowly biomedical are associated with underestimates of self-ratings relative to respondents' medical histories, while definitions that are broad and inclusive are related to relatively better self-ratings. A sample of 159 elderly African Americans rates their health and reports "what went through your mind." Analysis of variance shows that respondents who overestimate their health are more likely to report ratings based on social activities and relationships, or psychological, emotional, or spiritual characteristics, rather than biomedical criteria. The authors conclude that inclusive definitions of health facilitate more positive self-ratings of health, given a fixed health status; methodologically, they conclude that this is a promising method for exploring self-ratings of health.