Risk Factors for Falls Among Seniors: Implications of Gender
Risk Factors for Falls Among Seniors: Implications of Gender
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DOI：
10.1093/aje/kwu268
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Do, Minh T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chang, Vicky C.;Do, Minh T.
尽管有大量关于老年人跌倒的文献，但对特定性别的风险因素知之甚少。为了根据性别和社会人口、生活方式/行为和医疗因素确定跌倒的患病率，我们对加拿大社区健康调查-健康老龄化(2008-2009年)中65岁或以上的加拿大成年人(n=14,881)进行了一项具有全国代表性的横断面研究。Logistic回归模型被用来调查潜在危险因素和跌倒之间的性别关联。在男性中，中风(优势比(OR)=1.91)、营养风险(OR=1.86)、大专学历(OR=1.68)、眼疾(OR=1.35)、丧偶/分居/离婚婚姻状况(OR=1.28)和关节炎(OR=1.27)与跌倒的风险显著相关。女性跌倒的独立相关因素包括中风(OR=1.53)、85岁以上(OR=1.51)、营养风险(OR=1.39)、每周至少饮酒1次(OR=1.39)、服用5种或5种以上药物(OR=1.36)、关节炎(OR=1.36)、糖尿病(OR=1.31)和骨质疏松(OR=1.22)。较高的体力活动水平对两性都有保护作用，而较高的家庭收入对女性有保护作用。在制定预防跌倒战略时，应考虑性别因素。
Despite extensive literature on falls among seniors, little is known about gender-specific risk factors. To determine the prevalence of falls by gender and sociodemographic, lifestyle/behavioral, and medical factors, we conducted a cross-sectional study in a nationally representative sample of Canadian adults who were 65 years of age or older (n = 14,881) from the Canadian Community Health Survey-Healthy Aging (2008-2009). Logistic regression models were applied to investigate gender-specific associations between potential risk factors and falls. In men, stroke (odds ratio (OR) = 1.91), nutritional risk (OR= 1.86), post-secondary school degree (OR = 1.68), eye disorder (OR = 1.35), widowed/separated/divorced marital status (OR= 1.28), and arthritis (OR = 1.27) were independently associated with significantly higher odds of falls. In women, significant independent correlates of falls included stroke (OR = 1.53), age of 85 years or older (OR = 1.51), nutritional risk (OR = 1.39), consumption of at least 1 alcoholic drink per week (OR = 1.39), use of 5 or more medications (OR = 1.36), arthritis (OR = 1.36), diabetes (OR = 1.31), and osteoporosis (OR = 1.22). Higher physical activity levels were protective in both genders, and higher household income was protective in women. Gender should be considered when planning fall prevention strategies.