Immunological Basis for the Development of Tissue Inflammation and Organ-Specific Autoimmunity in Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis
Immunological Basis for the Development of Tissue Inflammation and Organ-Specific Autoimmunity in Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis
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DOI：
10.1007/400_2008_17
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kuchroo, Vijay K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Korn, Thomas;Mitsdoerffer, Meike;Kuchroo, Vijay K.
实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎 (EAE) 是一种多发性硬化症 (MS) 动物模型，它塑造了我们对中枢神经系统 (CNS) 自身免疫组织炎症的理解。 MS 的主要治疗方法首先在 EAE 中得到验证。然而，EAE 的所有修改并不能概括 MS 的全部临床和组织病理学方面。此外，易发生 EAE 的啮齿动物品系和多发性硬化症患者的自身免疫反应可能因不同免疫细胞亚群的相对参与程度而异。然而，在小鼠和人类中，使免疫反应偏向致病性自身反应的特定分子的作用非常相似。因此，在本章中，我们将重点关注 EAE 中一种新的炎症 T 细胞亚群（称为 Th17 细胞）的鉴定，以及它们与其他免疫细胞（包括保护性调节 T 细胞 (T-reg)）的相互作用。 Th17 细胞的发现及其与 T 调节细胞的关系很可能会在未来几年改变我们对器官特异性自身免疫性疾病的理解。
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS) that has shaped our understanding of autoimmune tissue inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS). Major therapeutic approaches to MS have been first validated in EAE. Nevertheless, EAE in all its modifications is not able to recapitulate the full range of clinical and histopathogenic aspects of MS. Furthermore, autoimmune reactions in EAE-prone rodent strains and MS patients may differ in terms of the relative involvement of various subsets of immune cells. However, the role of specific molecules that play a role in skewing the immune response towards pathogenic autoreactivity is very similar in mice and humans. Thus, in this chapter, we will focus on the identification of a novel subset of inflammatory T cells, called Th17 cells, in EAE and their interplay with other immune cells including protective regulatory T cells (T-regs). It is likely that the discovery of Th17 cells and their relationship with T-regs will change our understanding of organ-specific autoimmune diseases in the years to come.