Recent advances in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in cystic fibrosis.

Recent advances in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in cystic fibrosis.
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DOI:
10.1186/1741-7015-9-32
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发表时间:
2011-04-04
期刊:
影响因子:
9.3
通讯作者:
Høiby N
Høiby N
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Høiby N

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囊性纤维化(CF)患者的慢性铜绿假单胞菌肺部感染是由生物膜生长的粘液菌株引起的。生物膜可以通过早期积极的抗生素预防或治疗来预防,并且可以通过慢性抑制治疗来治疗。一项小型试验的新结果表明,在吸入妥布霉素的基础上添加口服环丙沙星可能减轻肺部炎症。慢性铜绿假单胞菌(P. aeruginosa)吸入治疗(氨曲南赖氨酸)的旧抗生素新配方的临床试验改善了P. aeruginosa患者报告的预后、肺功能、急性加重时间和痰密度。其他药物如喹诺酮类目前正在研究用于吸入治疗。一项使用抗假单胞菌抗生素进行长期预防的试验显示,对尚未感染的患者没有效果。使用阿奇霉素治疗没有铜绿假单胞菌感染的CF患者并没有改善肺功能。本文综述了铜绿假单胞菌肺部感染治疗的最新进展,重点介绍了针对预防和慢性抑制治疗的吸入治疗。
Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is caused by biofilm-growing mucoid strains. Biofilms can be prevented by early aggressive antibiotic prophylaxis or therapy, and they can be treated by chronic suppressive therapy. New results from one small trial suggest that addition of oral ciprofloxacin to inhaled tobramycin may reduce lung inflammation. Clinical trials with new formulations of old antibiotics for inhalation therapy (aztreonam lysine) against chronic P. aeruginosa infection improved patient-reported outcome, lung function, time to acute exacerbations and sputum density of P. aeruginosa. Other drugs such as quinolones are currently under investigation for inhalation therapy. A trial of the use of anti-Pseudomonas antibiotics for long-term prophylaxis showed no effect in patients who were not already infected. Use of azithromycin to treat CF patients without P. aeruginosa infection did not improve lung function. Here I review the recent advances in the treatment of P. aeruginosa lung infections with a focus on inhalation treatments targeted at prophylaxis and chronic suppressive therapy.
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