Formation of cornified cell envelope in human hair follicle development
Formation of cornified cell envelope in human hair follicle development
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04869.x
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发表时间：
2002-06-01
影响因子：
10.3
通讯作者：
Shimizu, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Akiyama, M;Matsuo, I;Shimizu, H
角质形成细胞被膜（CCE）的形成是角质形成的最后阶段的重要步骤，其中CCE前体蛋白包括外皮蛋白和兜甲蛋白通过角质形成细胞转氨酶（TGases）交联到角质形成细胞的质膜内表面，而外表面则被分泌的片状颗粒所包裹。目的从一系列估计的人类胎儿皮肤样本中，方法采用原位TGase活性测定法测定毛囊发育各阶段中TGase活性，并观察毛囊发育各阶段中CCE形成的超微结构特征。我们使用免疫荧光标记来研究CCE前体蛋白involucrin和loricrin、TGases 1、2和3以及25-kDa板层颗粒相关蛋白（LGP）在发育中的人毛囊中表达的时间和位点。（65-84天EGA）（对应于鼠毛囊形态发生的第1-2阶段），在整个毛胚中仅观察到TGase 2，原位TGase活性呈弱阳性，但超微结构未见细胞膜增厚。在毛栓（85-104天EGA）（对应于鼠毛囊形态发生的第3阶段）中，在毛栓上部的细胞中观察到兜甲蛋白和TGase 2，而在毛栓的内部细胞中观察到TGase 1、3和LGP。原位TGase活性在发栓的上部和内部细胞呈弱阳性。在球根发夹里（105-135天特惠津贴）（对应于鼠毛囊形态发生的第4-6阶段）和分化的胎毛毛囊（超过135天的特惠津贴）（对应于小鼠毛囊形态发生的第7-8期），内根鞘细胞检测到外皮蛋白、兜甲蛋白、TGase 1、2、3、原位TGase活性和LGP的免疫反应，在峡部区域的外根鞘的毛管和内细胞。超微结构上，在分化的毛痣毛囊中，毛内根鞘细胞的细胞膜已经增厚，毛小皮和毛管中出现电子致密的、较厚的CCE。发育中的人毛囊的某些部分已经在发栓处的毛管和角质层的分化中被确定阶段
Background Cornified cell envelope (CCE) formation is an important step in the final stage of keratinization, in which CCE precursor proteins including involucrin and loricrin are cross-linked by keratinocyte transglutaminases (TGases) to the inner surface of the plasma membrane of cornified cells, while the outer surface is coated with material derived from secreted lamellar granules.Objectives Skin samples from human fetuses of a series of estimated gestational age (EGA) (49-163 days) were studied for the prescence of precursor proteins.Methods TGase activity was studied by in situ TGase activity assay, and ultrastructural features of CCE formation were observed at each stage of hair follicle development. We used immunofluorescent labelling to investigate the time and site of expression of CCE precursor proteins involucrin and loricrin, TGases 1, 2 and 3, and a 25-kDa lamellar granule-associated protein (LGP) in developing human hair follicles.Results In the hair germ (65-84 days EGA) (corresponding to the stages 1-2 of murine hair follicle morphogenesis), only TGase 2 was observed in the entire hair germ, where in situ TGase activity was weakly positive, although thickening of cell membrane was not seen ultrastructurally. In the hair peg (85-104 days EGA) (corresponding to the stage 3 of murine hair follicle morphogenesis), loricrin and TGase 2 were seen in cells of the upper part of the hair peg while TGase 1, 3 and LGP were observed in the inner cells of the hair peg. In situ TGase activity was weakly positive in the upper part and inner cells of the hair peg. In the bulbous hair peg (105-135 days EGA) (corresponding to the stages 4-6 of murine hair follicle morphogenesis) and differentiated lanugo hair follicle (> 135 days EGA) (corresponding to the stages 7-8 of murine hair follicle morphogenesis), immunoreactivities of involucrin, loricrin, TGase 1, 2, 3, in situ TGase activity and LGP were detected in the inner root sheath cells, hair canals and inner cells of the outer root sheath in the region of the isthmus. Ultrastructurally, thickening of cell membrane was already seen in the inner root sheath cells of the bulbous hair peg and electron-dense, thick CCE was observed in the hair cuticle and hair canal of differentiated lanugo hair follicle.Conclusions These data indicate that, in terms of CCE formation, certain portions of the developing human hair follicle have already been determined in differentiation of the hair canal and cuticle at the hair peg stage.