Comparative Brain Imaging Reveals Analogous and Divergent Patterns of Species and Face Sensitivity in Humans and Dogs.
Comparative Brain Imaging Reveals Analogous and Divergent Patterns of Species and Face Sensitivity in Humans and Dogs.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2800-19.2020
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发表时间：
2020-10-21
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Andics A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bunford N;Hernández-Pérez R;Farkas EB;Cuaya LV;Szabó D;Szabó ÁG;Gácsi M;Miklósi Á;Andics A
在多种感觉方式和许多物种中，社会知觉中的同种偏好是明显的。灵长类动物的面部处理也有专门的神经网络。然而，神经物种敏感性和面孔敏感性在视觉社会加工中的进化起源和相对作用在很大程度上是未知的。在多种感觉方式和许多物种中，社会知觉中的同种偏好是明显的。灵长类动物的面部处理也有专门的神经网络。然而，神经物种敏感性和面孔敏感性在视觉社会加工中的进化起源和相对作用在很大程度上是未知的。在这项对比研究中，用功能磁共振成像检测了狗(n=20；45%雌性)和人类(n=30；50%雌性)对相同视觉刺激(人和狗的脸和枕骨的视频)的物种敏感性和面部敏感性。在狗的双侧中丘上回表现出同种偏好，没有区域表现出脸部偏好，并且大多数视觉反应皮层表现出比脸部偏好更大的同种偏好。在人类中，同种偏好区域(右侧杏仁核/海马体和后上颞沟)也表现出对面孔的偏好，而且大部分视觉反应皮层表现出比同种偏好更大的面孔偏好。多变量模式分析(MVPA)发现了这两个物种的物种敏感区，但只在人类中发现了面部敏感区。跨物种表征相似性分析(RSA)显示，在区分同种和异种面孔方面，狗和人的反应模式之间的一致性比其他对比更强。结果揭示了狗和人类对一致性的视觉社会加工的功能相似，但表明皮层对面部感知的专门化可能并不普遍存在于哺乳动物中。为了探索人类面孔偏好的进化起源及其与同种偏好的关系，我们首次对非灵长类动物和灵长类动物狗和人进行了比较和非侵入性的视觉神经成像研究。在这两个物种中都观察到了偏爱同种的脑区，但偏爱面孔的脑区只在人类中观察到。在狗中，绝大多数视觉反应皮层表现出比面孔偏好更大的同种偏好，而在人类中，大部分视觉反应皮层表现出比同种偏好更大的面孔偏好。总而言之，这些发现揭示了两个在系统发育上相距遥远的哺乳动物物种在视觉社会加工组织原则上的功能相似和差异。
Conspecific-preference in social perception is evident for multiple sensory modalities and in many species. There is also a dedicated neural network for face processing in primates. However, the evolutionary origin and the relative role of neural species sensitivity and face sensitivity in visuo-social processing are largely unknown. Conspecific-preference in social perception is evident for multiple sensory modalities and in many species. There is also a dedicated neural network for face processing in primates. However, the evolutionary origin and the relative role of neural species sensitivity and face sensitivity in visuo-social processing are largely unknown. In this comparative study, species sensitivity and face sensitivity to identical visual stimuli (videos of human and dog faces and occiputs) were examined using functional magnetic resonance imaging in dogs (n = 20; 45% female) and humans (n = 30; 50% female). In dogs, the bilateral mid suprasylvian gyrus showed conspecific-preference, no regions exhibited face-preference, and the majority of the visually-responsive cortex showed greater conspecific-preference than face-preference. In humans, conspecific-preferring regions (the right amygdala/hippocampus and the posterior superior temporal sulcus) also showed face-preference, and much of the visually-responsive cortex showed greater face-preference than conspecific-preference. Multivariate pattern analyses (MVPAs) identified species-sensitive regions in both species, but face-sensitive regions only in humans. Across-species representational similarity analyses (RSAs) revealed stronger correspondence between dog and human response patterns for distinguishing conspecific from heterospecific faces than other contrasts. Results unveil functional analogies in dog and human visuo-social processing of conspecificity but suggest that cortical specialization for face perception may not be ubiquitous across mammals. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT To explore the evolutionary origins of human face-preference and its relationship to conspecific-preference, we conducted the first comparative and noninvasive visual neuroimaging study of a non-primate and a primate species, dogs and humans. Conspecific-preferring brain regions were observed in both species, but face-preferring brain regions were observed only in humans. In dogs, an overwhelming majority of visually-responsive cortex exhibited greater conspecific-preference than face-preference, whereas in humans, much of the visually-responsive cortex showed greater face-preference than conspecific-preference. Together, these findings unveil functional analogies and differences in the organizing principles of visuo-social processing across two phylogenetically distant mammal species.