Parsing a cognitive task: a characterization of the mind's bottleneck.
Parsing a cognitive task: a characterization of the mind's bottleneck.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.0030037
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发表时间：
2005-02
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Dehaene S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sigman M;Dehaene S
将一个心理操作分解为多个组成部分，描述这个流程的并行或串行性质，以及理解每个过程最终对反应时间的贡献是认知神经科学中的基本问题。在这里，我们展示了一个简单的理论模型如何导致一组扩展的预测有关的分布的响应时间和它的变化，同时执行另一项任务。该模型提供了心理不应期和反应时的随机游走模型的综合。它只是假设一个任务包括三个连续的阶段感知，决策的基础上嘈杂的整合证据，和反应，感知和运动阶段可以同时操作的阶段，另一个任务，而中央决策过程构成了一个瓶颈。我们设计了一个数字比较任务，提供了一个彻底的测试模型，允许独立的变化，在数字符号，数值距离，响应的复杂性，和相对于一个干扰探测任务的音调歧视的时间间隔。结果表明，分析的比较任务中，每个变量只影响一个阶段。数值距离影响积分过程，这是唯一不能并行进行的步骤，对响应时间的变化有重大贡献。其他阶段，将数字映射到内部量并执行运动响应，可以与另一项任务并行执行。改变这些过程的持续时间对方差没有显着影响。无法同时操作两个认知过程--一个心理瓶颈--可以用一个模型来解释，在这个模型中，证据是随机积累的，以达成一个决定
Parsing a mental operation into components, characterizing the parallel or serial nature of this flow, and understanding what each process ultimately contributes to response time are fundamental questions in cognitive neuroscience. Here we show how a simple theoretical model leads to an extended set of predictions concerning the distribution of response time and its alteration by simultaneous performance of another task. The model provides a synthesis of psychological refractory period and random-walk models of response time. It merely assumes that a task consists of three consecutive stages—perception, decision based on noisy integration of evidence, and response—and that the perceptual and motor stages can operate simultaneously with stages of another task, while the central decision process constitutes a bottleneck. We designed a number-comparison task that provided a thorough test of the model by allowing independent variations in number notation, numerical distance, response complexity, and temporal asynchrony relative to an interfering probe task of tone discrimination. The results revealed a parsing of the comparison task in which each variable affects only one stage. Numerical distance affects the integration process, which is the only step that cannot proceed in parallel and has a major contribution to response time variability. The other stages, mapping the numeral to an internal quantity and executing the motor response, can be carried out in parallel with another task. Changing the duration of these processes has no significant effect on the variance. The inability to operate two cognitive processes simultaneously - a mental bottleneck - can be explained by a model in which evidence is accumulated stochastically to reach a decision
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
LAMING, D
通讯作者：
LAMING, D
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
GRUNE, K;MECKLINGER, A;ULLSPERGER, P
通讯作者：
ULLSPERGER, P
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Britten, KH;Newsome, WT;Movshon, JA
通讯作者：
Movshon, JA
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Dehaene, S
通讯作者：
Dehaene, S
DOI：
10.1016/0013-4694(90)90087-z
发表时间：
1990-05-01
期刊：
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
GRATTON, G;BOSCO, CM;DONCHIN, E
通讯作者：
DONCHIN, E