THE AGED MOUSE AS A MODEL OF COGNITIVE DECLINE WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON STUDIES IN NMRI MICE
THE AGED MOUSE AS A MODEL OF COGNITIVE DECLINE WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON STUDIES IN NMRI MICE
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DOI：
10.1016/0166-4328(93)90132-a
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发表时间：
1993-11-30
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
LAMBERTY, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GOWER, AJ;LAMBERTY, Y
本文回顾了老年小鼠作为与年龄相关的认知衰退的综合模型的使用，特别强调了涵盖NMRI小鼠寿命的实验，使用从3到22个月不等的不同年龄组。年龄相关的变化在感觉运动轮廓，自发行为和表现在学习和记忆任务被考虑。这些数据为中年以后的认知障碍、自发活动和探索减少提供了证据。从年代上看，这个年龄取决于所选菌株的寿命；在NMRI小鼠中，中年相当于11-12个月。复杂的学习任务，如莫里斯水迷宫的空间学习，似乎对年龄相关的变化最敏感，就像需要长时间保留获得的信息的测试一样，例如，使用被动回避。线索和简单的辨别能力只在最老的动物中受损。与年龄相关的非认知变量的变化，包括感觉运动能力、疼痛敏感性、情绪或运动活动，不能解释学习障碍，尽管在非常年老的动物中不能排除视力缺陷。对中年和老年小鼠个体数据的详细分析，使用判别和相关性研究强调了任何给定实足年龄的动物之间的显著异质性。此外，单个老年小鼠在所有行为变量中并没有表现出相似程度的损伤，这表明衰老不是一个统一的过程。除了一些孤立的研究（包括对NMRI小鼠ChAT和AChE的研究）外，与年龄相关的行为下降和神经化学变化之间的可能关系是一个尚未探索的领域。对NMRI小鼠的研究说明了调查整个年龄范围的价值，以发现与身体或情绪变化分离的认知衰退的年龄组，并代表整个人口。
The use of the aged mouse as an integrated model of age-related cognitive decline is reviewed, with special emphasis on experiments covering the life span of NMRI mice, using different age-groups ranging from 3 through to 22 months. Age-related changes in the sensorimotor profile, spontaneous behaviour and performance in learning and memory tasks are considered. The data provide evidence for cognitive impairment and decreases in spontaneous activity and exploration from middle age onwards. Chronologically, this age depends on the longevity of the strain selected; in NMRI mice, middle age corresponds to 11-12 months. Complex learning tasks, such as the Morris water maze for spatial learning, appear to be the most sensitive to age-related changes, as are tests requiring prolonged retention of acquired information, for example, using passive avoidance. Cued and simple discrimination learning are only impaired in the oldest animals. Age-related changes in non-cognitive variables, including sensorimotor capacity, pain sensitivity, emotionality, or locomotor activity, do not account for the learning impairments, although deficits in visual acuity cannot be excluded in the very old animals. Detailed analysis of the individual data for middle aged and old mice, using discriminant and correlation studies highlight a marked heterogeneity between animals of any given chronological age. Furthermore, individual aged mice do not exhibit similar degrees of impairment across all the behavioural variables, showing that aging is not a uniform process. The possible relationship between age-related behavioural decline and neurochemical changes is an area as yet unexplored apart from a few isolated investigations, including a study on ChAT and AChE in NMRI mice. The studies in the NMRI mice illustrate the value of investigating the full age-range to detect an age group which shows cognitive decline dissociable from physical or emotional changes and which is representative of the population as a whole.