Resistance exercise as a countermeasure to disuse-induced bone loss
Resistance exercise as a countermeasure to disuse-induced bone loss
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DOI：
10.1152/japplphysiol.00741.2003
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发表时间：
2004-07-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Lai, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shackelford, LC;LeBlanc, AD;Lai, D
在太空飞行期间，骨骼卸载导致骨矿物质密度（BMD）的损失。这主要发生在脊柱和下半身区域。这种骨骼质量的损失可能会对长时间飞行的宇航员造成危险。在这项研究中，激烈的抗阻运动被用来测试是否训练方案将防止骨密度的损失，公司停用。9名受试者（5名男性，4名女性）在17周的水平卧床休息期间参加了仰卧位最大阻力运动训练计划。将这些受试者与18名对照受试者（13名男性，5名女性）进行比较，这些受试者遵循相同的卧床休息协议而不进行运动。治疗效果的确定是基于在卧床休息之前、期间和之后获得的BMD、骨代谢标志物和钙平衡的测量。受试者和对照组有显著性差异，（P < 0.05）不同的平均值，由以下各自的百分比变化表示：腰椎BMD，+3%对-1%;全髋BMD，+1%对-3%;跟骨BMD，+1%对-9%;骨盆BMD，-0.5%对-3%;全身BNID，0%对-1%;骨特异性碱性磷酸酶，+64% vs. 0%;碱性磷酸酶，+31% vs. +5%;骨钙素，+43% vs. +10%; 1，25二羟维生素D，+12% vs. -15%;甲状旁腺激素完整分子，+18% vs. -25%;血清和离子钙，-1% vs.+1%。净钙平衡的差异也很显著（+21 mg/天vs. -199 mg/天，运动vs.对照）。运动组腓肠肌和比目鱼肌体积显著下降，但损失明显小于对照组。结果表明，抗阻运动有积极的治疗效果，因此可能是有用的对策，以防止有害的骨骼变化与长期航天飞行。
During spaceflight, skeletal unloading results in loss of bone mineral density (BMD). This occurs primarily in the spine and lower body regions. This loss of skeletal mass could prove hazardous to astronauts on flights of long duration. In this study, intense resistance exercise was use to test whether a training regimen would prevent the loss of BMD that companies disuse. Nine subjects (5 men, 4 women) participated in a supine maximal resistance exercise training program during 17 wk of horizontal bed rest. These subjects were compared with 18 control subjects (13 men, 5 women) who followed the same bed rest protocol without exercise. Determination of treatment effect was based on measures of BMD, bone metabolism markers, and calcium balance obtained before, during, and after bed rest. Exercisers and controls had significantly (P < 0.05) different means, represented by the respective following percent changes: lumbar spine BMD, +3% vs. -1%; total hip BMD, +1% vs. -3%; calcaneus BMD, +1% vs. -9%; pelvis BMD, -0.5% vs. -3%; total body BNID, 0% vs. -1%; bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, +64% vs. 0%; alkaline phosphatase, +31% vs. +5%; osteocalcin, +43% vs. +10%; 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D, +12% vs. -15%; parathyroid hormone intact molecule, +18% vs. -25%; and serum and ionized calcium, -1% vs. +1%. The difference in net calcium balance was also significant (+21 mg/day vs. -199 mg/day, exercise vs. control). The gastrocnemius and soleus muscle volumes decreased significantly in the exercise group, but the loss was significantly less than observed in the control group. The results indicate that resistance exercise had a positive treatment effect and thus might be useful as a countermeasure to prevent the deleterious skeletal changes associated with long-duration spaceflight.