Designing Artificial Solid-Electrolyte Interphases for Single-Ion and High-Efficiency Transport in Batteries
Designing Artificial Solid-Electrolyte Interphases for Single-Ion and High-Efficiency Transport in Batteries
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DOI：
10.1016/j.joule.2017.06.002
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发表时间：
2017-10-11
期刊：
影响因子：
39.8
通讯作者：
Archer, Lynden A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tu, Zhengyuan;Choudhury, Snehashis;Archer, Lynden A.
能够基于电荷和/或尺寸校正离子的传输的基底在生物系统中是普遍存在的。选择性传输电化学活性离子的电解质和界面在所有电能存储技术中同样具有广泛的意义。在锂离子电池中，具有单离子或接近单离子导电性的电解质可以减少离子极化引起的损失。在紧急锂或钠金属电池中，它们在阳极保持高导电性，并通过基本机制稳定金属沉积。我们报告说，20至300纳米厚，单离子导电膜沉积在阳极使电解质的阳离子迁移数，离子电导率和电化学稳定性的最高组合报告。通过直接可视化，我们发现，单离子膜也减少了锂在液体中的树枝状沉积。恒电流测量进一步表明，电解质有利于长时间（3 mAh）充电的全Li/LiNi0.8-Co0.15Al0.05O2（NCA）电池与高阴极负载（3 mAh cm（-2）/19.9 mg cm（-2））和高电流密度（3 mA cm（-2））。
Substrates able to rectify transport of ions based on charge and/or size are ubiquitous in biological systems. Electrolytes and interphases that selectively transport electrochemically active ions are likewise of broad interest in all electrical energy storage technologies. In lithium-ion batteries, electrolytes with singleor near-single-ion conductivity reduce losses caused by ion polarization. In emergent lithium or sodium metal batteries, they maintain high conductivity at the anode and stabilize metal deposition by fundamental mechanisms. We report that 20- to 300-nm-thick, single-ion-conducting membranes deposited at the anode enable electrolytes with the highest combination of cation transference number, ionic conductivity, and electrochemical stability reported. By means of direct visualization we find that single-ion membranes also reduce dendritic deposition of Li in liquids. Galvanostatic measurements further show that the electrolytes facilitate long (3 mAh) recharge of full Li/LiNi0.8-Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA) cells with high cathode loadings (3 mAh cm(-2) /19.9 mg cm(-2)) and at high current densities (3 mA cm(-2)).