Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction as an Early Identifier of COVID-19 in Adults and Children: An International Multicenter Study
Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction as an Early Identifier of COVID-19 in Adults and Children: An International Multicenter Study
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嗅觉和味觉功能障碍是成人和儿童 COVID-19 的早期标志：一项国际多中心研究
DOI：
10.1177/0194599820934376
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发表时间：
2020-06-16
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Lu, Hongzhou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Qiu, Chenghao;Cui, Chong;Lu, Hongzhou
目的了解2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）患者嗅觉或味觉功能障碍的患病率和特征。研究设计多中心病例系列。5家三级医院（中国3家，法国1家，德国1家）。受试者和方法总共筛选了394名聚合酶链反应（PCR）确认的COVID-19阳性患者，其中包括嗅觉或味觉功能障碍的患者。收集并分析了包括人口统计学、COVID-19严重程度、患者结局以及嗅觉和/或味觉功能障碍的发生率和程度在内的数据。采用嗅觉障碍问卷（QOD）和视觉模拟量表（VAS）分别对嗅觉和味觉功能障碍进行量化。1家医院（上海）的所有无主观嗅觉主诉的受试者均接受了客观测试。结果在394名筛选的受试者中，161名（41%）报告嗅觉和/或味觉功能障碍并被纳入。中国（n = 239）、德国（n = 39）和法国（n = 116）队列中嗅觉和/或味觉障碍的发生率分别为32%、69%和49%。入选受试者的中位年龄为39岁，92/161例（57%）为男性，10/161例（6%）为儿童。在纳入的受试者中，10%仅具有嗅觉或味觉症状，19%在任何其他COVID-19症状之前具有嗅觉和/或味觉投诉。在接受客观嗅觉测试的受试者中，90例中有10例表现出异常的化学感觉功能，尽管报告了正常的主观嗅觉。43%（44/102）的随访受试者显示嗅觉或味觉症状改善。结论嗅觉和/或味觉障碍可能是SARS冠状病毒2型感染的早期或孤立症状。它们可以作为一个有用的额外的筛选标准，特别是在感染的早期阶段的患者的识别。
Objective To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of olfactory or gustatory dysfunction in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Study Design Multicenter case series. Setting Five tertiary care hospitals (3 in China, 1 in France, 1 in Germany). Subjects and Methods In total, 394 polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–confirmed COVID-19-positive patients were screened, and those with olfactory or gustatory dysfunction were included. Data including demographics, COVID-19 severity, patient outcome, and the incidence and degree of olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction were collected and analyzed. The Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (QOD) and visual analog scale (VAS) were used to quantify olfactory and gustatory dysfunction, respectively. All subjects at 1 hospital (Shanghai) without subjective olfactory complaints underwent objective testing. Results Of 394 screened subjects, 161 (41%) reported olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction and were included. Incidence of olfactory and/or gustatory disorders in Chinese (n = 239), German (n = 39), and French (n = 116) cohorts was 32%, 69%, and 49%, respectively. The median age of included subjects was 39 years, 92 of 161 (57%) were male, and 10 of 161 (6%) were children. Of included subjects, 10% had only olfactory or gustatory symptoms, and 19% had olfactory and/or gustatory complaints prior to any other COVID-19 symptom. Of subjects with objective olfactory testing, 10 of 90 demonstrated abnormal chemosensory function despite reporting normal subjective olfaction. Forty-three percent (44/102) of subjects with follow-up showed symptomatic improvement in olfaction or gustation. Conclusions Olfactory and/or gustatory disorders may represent early or isolated symptoms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. They may serve as a useful additional screening criterion, particularly for the identification of patients in the early stages of infection.