CASSAVA - A BASIC ENERGY-SOURCE IN THE TROPICS
CASSAVA - A BASIC ENERGY-SOURCE IN THE TROPICS
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DOI：
10.1126/science.7134971
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发表时间：
1982-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
COCK, JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
COCK, JH
木薯（Manihot esculenta）是热带地区第四重要的食物能量来源。这种作物总产量的三分之二以上用作人类的食物，少量用于动物饲料和工业用途。在非洲部分地区，摄入大量木薯与慢性氰化物中毒有关，但这似乎与根部加工不足和整体营养不良有关。虽然木薯不是一种完整的食物，但它是一种廉价的卡路里来源。该作物在良好条件下具有很高的产量潜力，与其他作物相比，它在次优条件下表现优异，从而提供了利用边际土地增加农业总产量的可能性。将不同地区的种质结合在一起的育种计划，加上改进的农艺做法，可以显著提高产量。未来对新鲜木薯的需求可能取决于储存方法的改进。木薯作为烘焙产品中谷物面粉的替代品和动物饲料口粮中的一种能源，其市场可能会扩大。使用木薯作为燃料乙醇的来源取决于找到一种有效的蒸馏能源或一种改进的从水中分离乙醇的方法。
Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is the fourth most important source of food energy in the tropics. More than two-thirds of the total production of this crop is used as food for humans, with lesser amounts being used for animal feed and industrial purposes. The ingestion of high levels of cassava has been associated with chronic cyanide toxicity in parts of Africa, but this appears to be related to inadequate processing of the root and poor overall nutrition. Although cassava is not a complete food it is important as a cheap source of calories. The crop has a high yield potential under good conditions, and compared to other crops it excels under suboptimal conditions, thus offering the possibility of using marginal land to increase total agricultural production. Breeding programs that bring together germ plasm from different regions coupled with improved agronomic practices can markedly increase yields. The future demand for fresh cassava may depend on improved storage methods. The markets for cassava as a substitute for cereal flours in bakery products and as an energy source in animal feed rations are likely to expand. The use of cassava as a source of ethanol for fuel depends on finding an efficient source of energy for distillation or an improved method of separating ethanol from water.