Sex-based Biology and the Rational Design of Influenza Vaccination Strategies
Sex-based Biology and the Rational Design of Influenza Vaccination Strategies
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DOI：
10.1093/infdis/jiu066
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发表时间：
2014-07-15
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Pekosz, Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klein, Sabra L.;Pekosz, Andrew
生物学（即性别）差异以及文化（即性别）规范影响了男性和女性对疫苗的接受程度和有效性。在疫苗接种策略的设计和实施中，这些差异往往被忽视。使用季节性和大流行性流感疫苗，我们记录了在年轻人和老年人中接种疫苗后在接受性、保护相关性和不良反应方面的性别差异。女性比男性产生更高的抗体应答，经历更多的流感疫苗不良反应，并显示出更大的疫苗效力。尽管疫苗对女性的功效更大，但年轻和年长的女性通常比男性更不可能接受流感疫苗。确定生物学机制，包括激素和基因，对疫苗接种的差异反应是必要的。我们建议疫苗应该与个人的生物性别相匹配，这可能涉及系统地为男性和女性分别定制FDA批准的各种类型的流感疫苗。旨在预防流感甚至其他传染病的疫苗的一个目标应该是增加男性保护的相关性，减少女性的不良反应，以提高两性的接受度和疫苗诱导的保护。
Biological (ie, sex) differences as well as cultural (ie, gender) norms influence the acceptance and efficacy of vaccines for males and females. These differences are often overlooked in the design and implementation of vaccination strategies. Using seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccines, we document profound differences between the sexes in the acceptance, correlates of protection, and adverse reactions following vaccination in both young and older adults. Females develop higher antibody responses, experience more adverse reactions to influenza vaccines, and show greater vaccine efficacy than males. Despite greater vaccine efficacy in females, both young and older females are often less likely to accept influenza vaccines than their male counterparts. Identification of the biological mechanisms, including the hormones and genes, that underlie differential responses to vaccination is necessary. We propose that vaccines should be matched to an individual's biological sex, which could involve systematically tailoring diverse types of FDA-approved influenza vaccines separately for males and females. One goal for vaccines designed to protect against influenza and even other infectious diseases should be to increase the correlates of protection in males and reduce adverse reactions in females in an effort to increase acceptance and vaccine-induced protection in both sexes.